TABLE 2.

Mean Variable and Fixed Costs Per Shot of Providing Vaccinations and Reimbursement for Vaccine Administration: Family Practices/CHCs, Pediatric Practices, and Public Health Departments/County Nursing Services in Colorado, Expressed in 2002 Dollars

Type of Practice	Physician/Midlevel Time	Time of Other Personnel	Cost of Supplies	Total Variable Cost Per Shot	Fixed Cost Per Shot	Total Cost Per Shot	Average Reimbursement	Difference
							Private:
Family practices/CHCs	$0.62	$5.03	$0.15	$5.79	$1.79	$7.57	$6.68†	−$0.89
Pediatricians	3.29	4.43	0.43	8.15	2.52	10.67	8.27	−2.40
Health departments/nursing services	0	5.22	0.19	5.41	NA	5.41*	NA‡	−5.41

NA indicates not applicable.
↵* Variable costs only.
↵† CHC reimbursement was excluded because immunization-specific reimbursement was not available.
↵‡ Health departments/nursing services rarely bill. Average reimbursement for immunizations is close to 0.