Maternal Characteristics of Cocaine- or Opiate-Exposed and Comparison Groups
| Cocaine-Exposed | Opiate-Exposed | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yes (N = 600; %) | No (N = 788; %) | P | Yes (N = 115; %) | No (N = 1273; %) | P | |
| Race | ||||||
| Black | 77.8 | 75.9 | .828 | 50.4 | 79.1 | .000 |
| White | 14.7 | 16.5 | 40.9 | 13.5 | ||
| Hispanic | 6.4 | 6.4 | 6.1 | 6.4 | ||
| Other (non-Hispanic) | 1.2 | 1.3 | 2.6 | 1.1 | ||
| Age | ||||||
| 18–25 | 20.1 | 51.1 | .000 | 24.3 | 38.9 | .000 |
| 26–35 | 66.4 | 40.5 | 49.6 | 51.9 | ||
| 36–49 | 13.5 | 8.4 | 26.1 | 9.2 | ||
| Marital status | ||||||
| Married | 10.6 | 25.7 | .000 | 17.5 | 19.3 | .164 |
| Never married | 85.3 | 71.8 | 76.3 | 77.8 | ||
| Divorced/widowed | 4.2 | 2.4 | 6.1 | 2.9 | ||
| Insurance | ||||||
| Medicaid | 89.1 | 77.4 | .000 | 82.6 | 82.4 | .494 |
| Self-pay | 5.7 | 3.9 | 2.6 | 4.9 | ||
| Private/HMO | 4.5 | 18.3 | 14.8 | 12.1 | ||
| Unknown | .7 | .4 | 0 | .6 | ||
| Education | ||||||
| <12 y | 49.7 | 31.5 | .000 | 39.8 | 39.3 | .480 |
| 12 y | 34.3 | 43.8 | 35.4 | 40.1 | ||
| ≥13 y | 15.9 | 24.7 | 24.8 | 20.6 | ||
| Prenatal care (any) | 77.4 | 95.8 | .000 | 85.2 | 88.1 | .363 |
HMO indicates health maintenance organization.