Table 2.

Factors Correlated With the Distribution of Child Health Physicians

FactorMDs/1000 Infants
PediatricFamilyGeneral
BivariateMultivariateBivariateMultivariateBivariateMultivariate
R2βPValueR2βPValueR2βPValueR2βPValueR2βPValueR2βPValue
MDs/1000
PediatricNANANANANANA.107−.430.018*.001−.001.990
Family.107−.250.019*NANANANANANA.107+.069.019*
General.001−.006.990.106+1.543.019*NANANANANANA
Resident.752+14.887.001*+14.537.001*.115−7.647.015*.015−.583.393
Demographic
Urban%.134+.091.008*.406−.209.001*−.128.006*.107−.023.019*
Minority%.129+.075.010*.401−.174.001*−.103.008*.002−.003.756
Economic
House income.079+.001.045*+.001.006*.034−.001.192.153−.001.005*−.001.003*
Medicaid fee.021−.074.306.065−.169.072.076−.039.051−.039.033*
Vaccine distrib..004+.900.062+.218.001+.979
First $insure.078+.048*.001+.857.044+.141 ModelNANANA.788NA.001*NANANA.488NA.001*NANANA.230NA.002* • NA indicates not applicable. Blank, in multivariate analysis indicates factor not statistically significant at P < .05 level. • * Factor statistically significant at P < .05 level. • All factors but Vaccine Distrib. and First$ Insure are continuous variables.

• Number of office-based physicians in each specialty (according to American Medical Association Masterfile) divided by birth cohort (according to National Center for Health Statistics) and multiplied by 1000.

Resident = intern and resident physicians; Urban% = proportion of total population living in metropolitan statistical areas; Minority% = proportion of births that are other than non-Hispanic white; House. Income = median household income in dollars; Medicaid Fee = fee in dollars paid by Medicaid for administration of 3 vaccinations; Vaccine Distrib. = vaccine distribution system: (1) Universal; (2) Vaccines for Children (VFC) for public and private providers; or (3) VFC for public providers only. Since it is a categorical variable, β values are not calculated, but a plus sign is indicated in the β column if states with Universal distribution had a higher mean number of MDs/1000 infants than states with other distribution systems; First \$ Insure = law requiring that vaccinations be reimbursed by third party payors with no copayment or deductible: Yes or No. Since it is a categorical variable, β values are not calculated, but a plus sign is indicated in the β column if states with such a law had a higher mean number of MDs/1000 infants than states without such a law.