RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Vaccine Effectiveness Against Pediatric Influenza Hospitalizations and Emergency Visits
JF Pediatrics
JO Pediatrics
FD American Academy of Pediatrics
SP e20201368
DO 10.1542/peds.2020-1368
VO 146
IS 5
A1 Campbell, Angela P.
A1 Ogokeh, Constance
A1 Lively, Joana Y.
A1 Staat, Mary A.
A1 Selvarangan, Rangaraj
A1 Halasa, Natasha B.
A1 Englund, Janet A.
A1 Boom, Julie A.
A1 Weinberg, Geoffrey A.
A1 Williams, John V.
A1 McNeal, Monica
A1 Harrison, Christopher J.
A1 Stewart, Laura S.
A1 Klein, Eileen J.
A1 Sahni, Leila C.
A1 Szilagyi, Peter G.
A1 Michaels, Marian G.
A1 Hickey, Robert W.
A1 Moffat, Mary E.
A1 Pahud, Barbara A.
A1 Schuster, Jennifer E.
A1 Weddle, Gina M.
A1 Rha, Brian
A1 Fry, Alicia M.
A1 Patel, Manish
YR 2020
UL http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/146/5/e20201368.abstract
AB BACKGROUND: Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses initially predominated during the US 2018–2019 season, with antigenically drifted influenza A(H3N2) viruses peaking later. We estimated vaccine effectiveness (VE) against laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated hospitalizations and emergency department (ED) visits among children in the New Vaccine Surveillance Network.METHODS: We tested children 6 months to 17 years with acute respiratory illness for influenza using molecular assays at 7 pediatric hospitals (ED patients <5 years at 3 sites). Vaccination status sources were parental report, state immunization information systems and/or provider records for inpatients, and parental report alone for ED patients. We estimated VE using a test-negative design, comparing odds of vaccination among children testing positive versus negative for influenza using multivariable logistic regression.RESULTS: Of 1792 inpatients, 226 (13%) were influenza-positive: 47% for influenza A(H3N2), 36% for A(H1N1)pdm09, 9% for A (not subtyped), and 7% for B viruses. Among 1944 ED children, 420 (22%) were influenza-positive: 48% for A(H3N2), 35% for A(H1N1)pdm09, 11% for A (not subtyped), and 5% for B viruses. VE was 41% (95% confidence interval [CI], 20% to 56%) against any influenza-related hospitalizations, 41% (95% CI, 11% to 61%) for A(H3N2), and 47% (95% CI, 16% to 67%) for A(H1N1)pdm09. VE was 51% (95% CI, 38% to 62%) against any influenza-related ED visits, 39% (95% CI, 15% to 56%) against A(H3N2), and 61% (95% CI, 44% to 73%) against A(H1N1)pdm09.CONCLUSIONS: The 2018–2019 influenza vaccine reduced pediatric influenza A-associated hospitalizations and ED visits by 40% to 60%, despite circulation of a drifted A(H3N2) clade.