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Article

Association of National Guidelines With Tonsillectomy Perioperative Care and Outcomes

Sanjay Mahant, Matt Hall, Stacey L. Ishman, Rustin Morse, Vineeta Mittal, Grant M. Mussman, Jessica Gold, Amanda Montalbano, Rajendu Srivastava, Karen M. Wilson and Samir S. Shah
Pediatrics June 2015, peds.2015-0127; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2015-0127
Sanjay Mahant
aDivision of Pediatric Medicine, Pediatric Outcomes Research Team (PORT), Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Child Health Evaluative Sciences, Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada;
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Matt Hall
bChildren’s Hospital Association, Overland Park, Kansas;
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Stacey L. Ishman
cDivision of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, and Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio;
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Rustin Morse
dChildren’s Medical Center and University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas;
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Vineeta Mittal
dChildren’s Medical Center and University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas;
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Grant M. Mussman
eDivision of Hospital Medicine and
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Jessica Gold
fNew York–Presbyterian Morgan Stanley Children’s Hospital and Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York;
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Amanda Montalbano
gChildren’s Mercy Hospitals and Clinics and University of Missouri–Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, Missouri;
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Rajendu Srivastava
hDivision of Inpatient Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Institute for Healthcare Delivery Research, Intermountain Healthcare Inc., Salt Lake City, Utah; and
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Karen M. Wilson
iSection of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
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Samir S. Shah
jDivisions of Hospital Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio;
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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association of the 2011 American Academy of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery guidelines with perioperative care processes and outcomes in children undergoing tonsillectomy.

METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of otherwise healthy children undergoing tonsillectomy between January 2009 and January 2013 at 29 US children’s hospitals participating in the Pediatric Health Information System. We measured evidence-based processes suggested by the guidelines (perioperative dexamethasone and no antibiotic use) and outcomes (30-day tonsillectomy complication-related revisits). We analyzed rates aggregated over the preguideline and postguideline periods and then by month over time by using interrupted time series.

RESULTS: Of 111 813 children who underwent tonsillectomy, 54 043 and 57 770 did so in the preguideline and postguideline periods, respectively. Dexamethasone use increased from 74.6% to 77.4% (P < .001) in the preguideline to postguideline period, as did its rate of change in use (percentage change per month, −0.02% to 0.29%; P < .001). Antibiotic use decreased from 34.7% to 21.8% (P < .001), as did its rate of change in use (percentage change per month, −0.17% to −0.56%; P < .001). Revisits for bleeding remained stable; however, total revisits to the hospital for tonsillectomy complications increased from 8.2% to 9.0% (P < .001) because of an increase in revisits for pain. Hospital-level results were similar.

CONCLUSIONS: The guidelines were associated with some improvement in evidence-based perioperative care processes but no improvement in outcomes. Dexamethasone use increased slightly, and antibiotic use decreased substantially. Revisits for tonsillectomy-related complications increased modestly over time because of revisits for pain.

  • Accepted April 17, 2015.
  • Copyright © 2015 by the American Academy of Pediatrics

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Pediatrics
Vol. 147, Issue 4
1 Apr 2021
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Association of National Guidelines With Tonsillectomy Perioperative Care and Outcomes
Sanjay Mahant, Matt Hall, Stacey L. Ishman, Rustin Morse, Vineeta Mittal, Grant M. Mussman, Jessica Gold, Amanda Montalbano, Rajendu Srivastava, Karen M. Wilson, Samir S. Shah
Pediatrics Jun 2015, peds.2015-0127; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2015-0127

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Association of National Guidelines With Tonsillectomy Perioperative Care and Outcomes
Sanjay Mahant, Matt Hall, Stacey L. Ishman, Rustin Morse, Vineeta Mittal, Grant M. Mussman, Jessica Gold, Amanda Montalbano, Rajendu Srivastava, Karen M. Wilson, Samir S. Shah
Pediatrics Jun 2015, peds.2015-0127; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2015-0127
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