Skip to main content

Advertising Disclaimer »

Main menu

  • Journals
    • Pediatrics
    • Hospital Pediatrics
    • Pediatrics in Review
    • NeoReviews
    • AAP Grand Rounds
    • AAP News
  • Authors/Reviewers
    • Submit Manuscript
    • Author Guidelines
    • Reviewer Guidelines
    • Open Access
    • Editorial Policies
  • Content
    • Current Issue
    • Online First
    • Archive
    • Blogs
    • Topic/Program Collections
    • AAP Meeting Abstracts
  • Pediatric Collections
    • COVID-19
    • Racism and Its Effects on Pediatric Health
    • More Collections...
  • AAP Policy
  • Supplements
  • Multimedia
    • Video Abstracts
    • Pediatrics On Call Podcast
  • Subscribe
  • Alerts
  • Careers
  • Other Publications
    • American Academy of Pediatrics

User menu

  • Log in
  • My Cart

Search

  • Advanced search
American Academy of Pediatrics

AAP Gateway

Advanced Search

AAP Logo

  • Log in
  • My Cart
  • Journals
    • Pediatrics
    • Hospital Pediatrics
    • Pediatrics in Review
    • NeoReviews
    • AAP Grand Rounds
    • AAP News
  • Authors/Reviewers
    • Submit Manuscript
    • Author Guidelines
    • Reviewer Guidelines
    • Open Access
    • Editorial Policies
  • Content
    • Current Issue
    • Online First
    • Archive
    • Blogs
    • Topic/Program Collections
    • AAP Meeting Abstracts
  • Pediatric Collections
    • COVID-19
    • Racism and Its Effects on Pediatric Health
    • More Collections...
  • AAP Policy
  • Supplements
  • Multimedia
    • Video Abstracts
    • Pediatrics On Call Podcast
  • Subscribe
  • Alerts
  • Careers

Discover Pediatric Collections on COVID-19 and Racism and Its Effects on Pediatric Health

American Academy of Pediatrics
Case Report

Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Neonates With Hyperinsulinemic Hypoglycemia Treated With Diazoxide

Madeline L. Keyes, Helen Healy, Katherine A. Sparger, Lucas E. Orth, Mayya Geha, Sergei Roumiantsev and Juan D. Matute
Pediatrics February 2021, 147 (2) e20193202; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2019-3202
Madeline L. Keyes
aDivision of Neonatology and Newborn Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, and
bHarvard Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine Fellowship Training Program, Boston, Massachusetts
*Contributed equally as co-first authors
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Helen Healy
aDivision of Neonatology and Newborn Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, and
bHarvard Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine Fellowship Training Program, Boston, Massachusetts
*Contributed equally as co-first authors
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Katherine A. Sparger
aDivision of Neonatology and Newborn Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, and
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Lucas E. Orth
cDepartment of Pharmacy, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; and
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Mayya Geha
aDivision of Neonatology and Newborn Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, and
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Sergei Roumiantsev
aDivision of Neonatology and Newborn Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, and
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Juan D. Matute
aDivision of Neonatology and Newborn Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, and
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • Article
  • Figures & Data
  • Info & Metrics
  • Comments
Loading

This article requires a subscription to view the full text. If you have a subscription you may use the login form below to view the article. Access to this article can also be purchased.

Download PDF

Abstract

The most common cause of persistent hypoglycemia in the neonatal period is hyperinsulinism. Severe, refractory hypoglycemia resulting from hyperinsulinism can lead to significant brain injury and permanent cognitive disability. Diazoxide is the first-line and only US Food and Drug Administration–approved, pharmacologic treatment for refractory hyperinsulinism. In recent years, the use of diazoxide in neonates with persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia has increased in the United States. Known adverse effects of diazoxide include fluid retention, hypertrichosis, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, and more recently, pulmonary hypertension. It is currently unknown if diazoxide exposure is associated with an increased risk of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in neonates. We reviewed the cases of 24 patients in a level IV NICU at Massachusetts General Hospital who received diazoxide over 12 years (April 2006–April 2018). All 24 patients received enteral diazoxide for refractory hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia. A total of 5 patients developed NEC after initiation of diazoxide based on clinical and radiographic findings, corresponding to 20% of infants exposed to diazoxide. This is above our baseline incidence of NEC (1% for all inborn infants and 6% for all inborn very low birth weight infants). More research and monitoring are necessary to characterize the potential risk of NEC associated with the use of diazoxide in the neonatal period.

  • Accepted July 6, 2020.
  • Copyright © 2021 by the American Academy of Pediatrics

Individual Login

Log in
You will be redirected to aap.org to login or to create your account.

Institutional Login

via Institution

You may be able to gain access using your login credentials for your institution. Contact your librarian or administrator if you do not have a username and password.

Log in through your institution

If your organization uses OpenAthens, you can log in using your OpenAthens username and password. To check if your institution is supported, please see this list. Contact your library for more details.

Purchase access

You may purchase access to this article. This will require you to create an account if you don't already have one.

Offer Reprints

PreviousNext
Back to top

Advertising Disclaimer »

In this issue

Pediatrics
Vol. 147, Issue 2
1 Feb 2021
  • Table of Contents
  • Index by author
View this article with LENS
PreviousNext
Email Article

Thank you for your interest in spreading the word on American Academy of Pediatrics.

NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address.

Enter multiple addresses on separate lines or separate them with commas.
Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Neonates With Hyperinsulinemic Hypoglycemia Treated With Diazoxide
(Your Name) has sent you a message from American Academy of Pediatrics
(Your Name) thought you would like to see the American Academy of Pediatrics web site.
CAPTCHA
This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions.
Request Permissions
Article Alerts
Log in
You will be redirected to aap.org to login or to create your account.
Or Sign In to Email Alerts with your Email Address
Citation Tools
Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Neonates With Hyperinsulinemic Hypoglycemia Treated With Diazoxide
Madeline L. Keyes, Helen Healy, Katherine A. Sparger, Lucas E. Orth, Mayya Geha, Sergei Roumiantsev, Juan D. Matute
Pediatrics Feb 2021, 147 (2) e20193202; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2019-3202

Citation Manager Formats

  • BibTeX
  • Bookends
  • EasyBib
  • EndNote (tagged)
  • EndNote 8 (xml)
  • Medlars
  • Mendeley
  • Papers
  • RefWorks Tagged
  • Ref Manager
  • RIS
  • Zotero
Share
Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Neonates With Hyperinsulinemic Hypoglycemia Treated With Diazoxide
Madeline L. Keyes, Helen Healy, Katherine A. Sparger, Lucas E. Orth, Mayya Geha, Sergei Roumiantsev, Juan D. Matute
Pediatrics Feb 2021, 147 (2) e20193202; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2019-3202
del.icio.us logo Digg logo Reddit logo Twitter logo CiteULike logo Facebook logo Google logo Mendeley logo
Print
Download PDF
Insight Alerts
  • Table of Contents

Jump to section

  • Article
    • Abstract
    • Methods
    • Results
    • Discussion
    • Acknowledgments
    • Footnotes
    • References
  • Figures & Data
  • Info & Metrics
  • Comments

Related Articles

  • No related articles found.
  • PubMed
  • Google Scholar

Cited By...

  • No citing articles found.
  • Google Scholar

More in this TOC Section

  • PIGA Mutations Can Mimic Neonatal Hemochromatosis
  • Hemolysis and Neurologic Impairment in PAMI Syndrome: Novel Characteristics of an Elusive Disease
  • Congenital Chylothorax and Hydrops Fetalis: A Novel Neonatal Presentation of RASA1 Mutation
Show more Case Reports

Similar Articles

Subjects

  • Fetus/Newborn Infant
    • Fetus/Newborn Infant
    • Neonatology
  • Journal Info
  • Editorial Board
  • Editorial Policies
  • Overview
  • Licensing Information
  • Authors/Reviewers
  • Author Guidelines
  • Submit My Manuscript
  • Open Access
  • Reviewer Guidelines
  • Librarians
  • Institutional Subscriptions
  • Usage Stats
  • Support
  • Contact Us
  • Subscribe
  • Resources
  • Media Kit
  • About
  • International Access
  • Terms of Use
  • Privacy Statement
  • FAQ
  • AAP.org
  • shopAAP
  • Follow American Academy of Pediatrics on Instagram
  • Visit American Academy of Pediatrics on Facebook
  • Follow American Academy of Pediatrics on Twitter
  • Follow American Academy of Pediatrics on Youtube
  • RSS
American Academy of Pediatrics

© 2021 American Academy of Pediatrics