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Discover Pediatric Collections on COVID-19 and Racism and Its Effects on Pediatric Health

American Academy of Pediatrics
Review Article

Motor Impairment in Children With Congenital Heart Defects: A Systematic Review

Marie-Eve Bolduc, Eliane Dionne, Isabelle Gagnon, Janet E. Rennick, Annette Majnemer and Marie Brossard-Racine
Pediatrics December 2020, 146 (6) e20200083; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2020-0083
Marie-Eve Bolduc
aSchool of Physical and Occupational Therapy,
eAdvances in Brain and Child Development Research Laboratory, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada; and
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Eliane Dionne
aSchool of Physical and Occupational Therapy,
eAdvances in Brain and Child Development Research Laboratory, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada; and
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Isabelle Gagnon
aSchool of Physical and Occupational Therapy,
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Janet E. Rennick
bIngram School of Nursing, and
cDepartments of Pediatrics and
fDepartment of Nursing, Montreal Children’s Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
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Annette Majnemer
aSchool of Physical and Occupational Therapy,
cDepartments of Pediatrics and
dNeurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Canada;
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Marie Brossard-Racine
aSchool of Physical and Occupational Therapy,
cDepartments of Pediatrics and
dNeurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Canada;
eAdvances in Brain and Child Development Research Laboratory, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada; and
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Abstract

CONTEXT: With improvements in survival rates in newborns with congenital heart defects (CHDs), focus has now shifted toward enhancing neurodevelopmental outcomes across their life span.

OBJECTIVE: To systematically review the prevalence and extent of motor difficulties in infants, children, and adolescents with CHD requiring open-heart surgery.

DATA SOURCES: Data sources included Embase, Medline and the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature.

STUDY SELECTION: Original studies published between 1997 and 2019 examining gross and/or fine motor skills in children born with a CHD requiring open-heart surgery were selected.

DATA EXTRACTION: The prevalence of motor impairments and mean scores on standardized motor assessments were extracted. Findings were grouped in 5 categories on the basis of the age of the children.

RESULTS: Forty-six original studies were included in this systematic review. The prevalence of mild to severe motor impairments (scores <−1 SD below normative data or controls) across childhood ranged from 12.3% to 68.6%, and prevalence ranged from 0% to 60.0% for severe motor impairments (<−2 SDs). Although our results suggest that the overall prevalence of motor impairments <−1 SD remains rather constant across childhood and adolescence, severe motor impairments (<−2 SDs) appear to be more prevalent in younger children.

LIMITATIONS: Variability in sampling and methodology between the reviewed studies is the most important limitation of this review.

CONCLUSIONS: The results of this review highlight that infants with CHD have an increased risk of motor impairments across infancy, childhood, and adolescence. These findings stress the importance of systematic screening or evaluation of motor skills across childhood and adolescence in children with CHD.

  • Accepted September 23, 2020.
  • Copyright © 2020 by the American Academy of Pediatrics

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Pediatrics
Vol. 146, Issue 6
1 Dec 2020
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Motor Impairment in Children With Congenital Heart Defects: A Systematic Review
Marie-Eve Bolduc, Eliane Dionne, Isabelle Gagnon, Janet E. Rennick, Annette Majnemer, Marie Brossard-Racine
Pediatrics Dec 2020, 146 (6) e20200083; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2020-0083

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Motor Impairment in Children With Congenital Heart Defects: A Systematic Review
Marie-Eve Bolduc, Eliane Dionne, Isabelle Gagnon, Janet E. Rennick, Annette Majnemer, Marie Brossard-Racine
Pediatrics Dec 2020, 146 (6) e20200083; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2020-0083
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