August 2019, VOLUME 144 / ISSUE 2
Table of Contents
Articles
- State Gun Laws and Pediatric Firearm-Related Mortality
This cross-sectional study of the WISQARS explores the association between strictness of state-based firearm legislation and firearm-related mortality in children.
- Adverse Childhood Experiences and Protective Factors With School Engagement
This population-based study of children in the United States identifies associations of ACEs and PFs with negative school performance and attitudes.
- Neuropsychiatric Sequelae in Adolescents With Acute Synthetic Cannabinoid Toxicity
In a multicenter study, adolescents presenting to the ED with SC acute toxicity had significant neuropsychiatric outcomes.
- Asthma Hospitalizations Among Homeless Children in New York State
In this study, using 2009–2014 statewide inpatient data from New York, we provide compelling new insight on levels of health care use among homeless children with asthma.
- Family Chaos and Asthma Control
Family chaos emerged as a robust predictor and pathway linking parent depression and child asthma outcomes among urban minority youth.
- Neighborhood Social Conditions, Family Relationships, and Childhood Asthma
In this study, we investigate the combined effects of neighborhood social conditions (danger and disorder) and family relationship quality on childhood asthma.
- Serious Bacterial Infections in Neonates Presenting Afebrile With History of Fever
In this study, we investigate rates of infection in neonates presenting to EDs with historical fever only and who remain afebrile during hospitalization.
- Medicaid and CHIP Child Health Beneficiary Incentives: Program Landscape and Stakeholder Insights
The landscape of Medicaid and CHIP beneficiary incentive programs for children’s health is described, accompanied by key stakeholder insights on beneficiary engagement and program evaluation.
- Factors That Influence the Choice of Academic Pediatrics by Underrepresented Minorities
In this study, we address what experiences influence URMs in pursuing academic pediatric medicine.
- Risk of Recurrent Fracture: A Population-Based Study
Children who fracture once are more likely to fracture again. This suggests assessing and improving bone health in pediatrics, as is routine in geriatrics.
- Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone Reference Ranges for Preterm Infants
In this study, we define TSH reference ranges from birth to term corrected gestational age in preterm infants born at <32 weeks using a statewide birth cohort.
- Housing Instability Among Families With Young Children With Special Health Care Needs
This study compares households of young children with and without SHCNs and associated risks of 3 circumstances of housing insecurity.
- Understanding Which Teenagers Benefit Most From a Brief Primary Care Substance Use Intervention
A 15-minute intervention in PC can benefit adolescents with more severe alcohol and marijuana use 1 year later compared with UC.
- Predictive Validity of the CRAFFT for Substance Use Disorder
CRAFFT is used to identify patients in the PED with current problematic substance use and SUDs; it has value in predicting SUDs but with limited sensitivity.
- Toxicity of Bupropion Overdose Compared With Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors
Fluoxetine and escitalopram are FDA-approved prescription medications for pediatric depression but are not the only agents used. We examine adolescent overdose risks of bupropion and SSRIs.
- School Readiness in Preschoolers With Symptoms of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Preschoolers with ADHD symptoms have a higher likelihood of school readiness impairment than peers without ADHD symptoms on a comprehensive, 5-domain school readiness assessment.
- A Parent Treatment Program for Preschoolers With Obesity: A Randomized Controlled Trial
In this RCT, we evaluate a novel approach for preschool obesity, focusing on evidence-based parenting practices and the influence of intensity on treatment effects.
- Neurodevelopmental Outcomes of Preterm Infants With Retinopathy of Prematurity by Treatment
Death or NDI in early childhood among infants treated with laser surgery or bevacizumab was not significantly different, but death was higher in the bevacizumab group.
- Hearing Loss With Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection
Incidence of hearing loss in children with cCMV infection is discussed, and risk indicators for hearing loss are described.
- Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome and Associated Neonatal and Maternal Mortality and Morbidity
Infants with NAS have increased risk of severe morbidity, and their mothers have elevated mortality and severe morbidity.
- Extended Maternity Leave and Breastfeeding in Active Duty Mothers
In 2016, the DoD doubled maternity leave for active duty mothers; we found that extended maternity leave correlated with increased breastfeeding initiation and duration.
- Cardiometabolic Risk and Body Composition in Youth With Down Syndrome
In this cross-sectional study, we compare CMR factors and body composition in 150 youth with DS with those of 100 typically developing controls.
- Pediatric Respiratory Illness Measurement System (PRIMES) Scores and Outcomes
In this study, we examine the association between higher scores on PRIMES composite measures and outcomes of care, including improvements in HRQOL, LOS, and reuse.
- Parent Attitudes and Preferences for Discussing Health Care Costs in the Inpatient Setting
In this study, we provide a framework for how to have cost discussions with parents of children who are hospitalized.
- Local Anesthesia With General Anesthesia for Pediatric Bone Marrow Procedures
LA was added to GA for BM procedures in patients with neuroblastoma to compare pain, opioid usage, and QoL.
- Office-Based Educational Handout for Influenza Vaccination: A Randomized Controlled Trial
In this study, we evaluate brief, clinic-based educational interventions for parents versus usual care with receipt of the child influenza vaccine.
From the American Academy of Pediatrics
AAP Meeting Abstracts
Pediatrics Perspectives
Advocacy Case Study
- Improving Information Sharing for Youth in Foster Care
We describe the development of an information sharing system between the EHR and the child welfare database to improve health care delivery for children in custody.
Monthly Feature
Review Article
- Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Neonatal Intensive Care: A Systematic Review
This article is a systematic review of the literature on racial and/or ethnic disparities in NICU quality of care; we note important areas of intervention for improving infant outcomes.
- Adolescent Mental Health Program Components and Behavior Risk Reduction: A Meta-analysis
This meta-analysis of adolescent mental health interventions identifies successful program components across those promoting positive mental health, preventing depression and anxiety, and preventing risk behaviors.
State-of-the-Art Review Article
- Congenital Muscular Torticollis: Bridging the Gap Between Research and Clinical Practice
We share selected evidence-based recommendations and implementation strategies specifically relevant to pediatric practice to optimize outcomes and health services for infants with CMT.
Special Articles
- A Framework for Evaluation of the Higher-Risk Infant After a Brief Resolved Unexplained Event
A proposed tiered framework for the evaluation and management of a higher-risk infant after a BRUE.
- Cognitive and Behavioral Impact on Children Exposed to Opioids During Pregnancy
The impact on children exposed to opioids during pregnancy is a subject of debate, but it is a marker for risk of adverse outcomes.
- When Parents Take Conflicts to Digital Media
In this article, we examine 7 themes underlying parent-initiated digital media campaigns aimed at orchestrating public opposition to doctors’ recommendations.
- Integration of Pediatric Palliative Care Into Cardiac Intensive Care: A Champion-Based Model
We propose a novel conceptual model for PPC integration into the traditionally cure-oriented CICU using interdisciplinary PPCCs.
- Cultivating Research Skills During Clinical Training to Promote Pediatric-Scientist Development
In this article, we describe the implementation of a pediatric-scientist development program and address challenges and solutions for integrating research training into medium-sized pediatric residency programs.
Ethics Rounds
- When Adolescent and Parents Disagree on Medical Plan, Who Gets to Decide?
An adolescent with DMD wants a life-extending tracheostomy, whereas his parents do not want this for him.
Quality Reports
- Early-Onset Sepsis Risk Calculator Integration Into an Electronic Health Record in the Nursery
Integration of an EOS risk calculator in the EHR increased calculator use and reduced antibiotic orders in a newborn nursery.
- Using Quality Improvement to Implement a Standardized Approach to Neonatal Herpes Simplex Virus
Implementation of standardized risk assessment, testing, and treatment of neonatal HSV resulted in decreased acyclovir use and laboratory testing for non–high-risk patients.
Case Report
- Hyperammonemic Encephalopathy due to Ureaplasma parvum Infection in an Immunocompromised Child
We report a case of severe hyperammonemia due to disseminated infection from Ureaplasma parvum in a 12-year-old child with leukemia.
- Successful Treatment of Juvenile Polyposis of Infancy With Sirolimus
We report herein a successful drug therapy for JPI, a devastating and life-threatening condition.
- The Challenge of Treating Pulmonary Vasculitis in Behçet Disease: Two Pediatric Cases
We reported 2 pediatric patients with BD with pulmonary vasculitis, treated successfully with an aggressive immunosuppressive modality, and we have done a systematic review.
Commentaries