June 2019, VOLUME 143 / ISSUE 6
Table of Contents
Articles
- Traffic Crashes, Violations, and Suspensions Among Young Drivers With ADHD
Via a linkage of health records and traffic data, this longitudinal study suggests that preventable risky behaviors underlie increased crash risk among adolescents with ADHD.
- Poverty and Early Childhood Outcomes
Poor early childhood outcomes (both health and educational) are examined by looking at children’s movement into and out of both neighborhood and household poverty.
- Elimination of Nonmedical Immunization Exemptions in California and School-Entry Vaccine Status
In this study, we found that vaccine refusal persisted after the elimination of nonmedical exemptions from school-entry vaccine requirements in California.
- School Restroom and Locker Room Restrictions and Sexual Assault Risk Among Transgender Youth
In this study, we report rates of sexual assault victimization, and its association with restrictive school restroom and locker room policies, in a transgender and gender nonbinary adolescent sample.
- Proposition 8 and Homophobic Bullying in California
Using a quasi-experimental design, we document a relationship between voter referenda that promote stigma and increased risk for bias-based bullying among youth.
- Trends in Opioid Prescribing for Adolescents and Young Adults in Ambulatory Care Settings
In this analysis of nationally representative ambulatory care visits, we define trends and practices in opioid prescribing for adolescents and young adults.
- Outpatient Prescription Opioid Use in Pediatric Medicaid Enrollees With Special Health Care Needs
In this study, we highlight outpatient OEs in CYSHCN by prevalence and type of OE, diagnoses, and health care encounters.
- Ambulatory Management of Childhood Asthma Using a Novel Self-management Application
In this study, we evaluate the impact of implementing a novel pediatric asthma self-management tool in multiple ambulatory care clinics, driving timely and proactive care.
- Treatment Intensification in Patients With Kawasaki Disease and Coronary Aneurysm at Diagnosis
In this study, we examined the impact of treatment intensification with corticosteroids or infliximab in patients with KD and coronary aneurysm.
- Etanercept With IVIg for Acute Kawasaki Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Etanercept in a randomized clinical trial exhibited potential benefit as an adjunctive IVIg treatment of acute KD in select prespecified subgroups.
- Adult Tourniquet for Use in School-Age Emergencies
Prospective testing of the adult CAT in children aged 6 to16 years revealed effective control of arterial blood flow.
- State Mandate Laws for Autism Coverage and High-Deductible Health Plans
In this study, we examine how state autism mandates affect children with ASD in HDHPs relative to those in traditional, low-deductible plans.
- Two Family Interventions to Reduce BMI in Low-Income Urban Youth: A Randomized Trial
Despite the epidemic of childhood obesity, effective and sustainable intervention approaches to help children lose weight or maintain their weight in low-income families remain elusive.
- An Early Infant HIV Risk Score for Targeted HIV Testing at Birth
Risk score models for birth HIV acquisition were developed in this study, and the feasibility of targeted compared with universal birth PCR testing was evaluated.
- General Health and Life Satisfaction in Children With Chronic Illness
Although chronic illnesses are associated with worse general health, they do not limit children from leading satisfying lives.
- Diabetes-Related Emotional Distress Over Time
In this study, we examine trajectories of adolescents’ diabetes-related emotional distress and assess predictors of adaptive and maladaptive patterns over a 16-month timespan.
- Long-term Outcomes of Cerebral Aneurysms in Children
We identified prognostic factors for long-term clinical outcome as well as imaging outcome for recurrence and rebleeding of ruptured or symptomatic cerebral aneurysms in ≤15-year-old children.
- Development of Nationwide Recommendations to Support Prenatal Counseling in Extreme Prematurity
The Delphi method is used to develop a framework for prenatal periviability counseling. This framework contains recommendations in the domains of organization, decision-making, content, and style, including personalization tools.
- Free Fatty Acids as an Indicator of the Nonfasted State in Children
Serum FFA concentrations were found to be a helpful biochemical test to identify the fasted versus fed state in children.
- Injury Incidence in Youth, High School, and NCAA Men’s Lacrosse
With this epidemiological study, we use sports injury surveillance data to describe and compare the incidence of injury in youth boys’, HS boys’, and NCAA men’s lacrosse.
- Trends in Pediatric Emergency Department Use After the Affordable Care Act
In this cross-sectional, retrospective ITS analysis, we found that pediatric ED visits did not fall after the 2014 implementation of the ACA.
- Food Insecurity During Pregnancy and Breastfeeding by Low-Income Hispanic Mothers
Maternal perceptions that food insecurity during pregnancy and infancy affects maternal diet quality, stress, and ultimately infant feeding may explain links to later child obesity.
- The Reading House: A Children’s Book for Emergent Literacy Screening During Well-Child Visits
This study involved preliminary validation of a specially designed children’s book for screening emergent literacy skills in 3- and 4-year-old children during well-child visits.
From the American Academy of Pediatrics
Pediatrics Perspectives
Family Partnerships
Review Article
- Physicians’ Attitudes on Resuscitation of Extremely Premature Infants: A Systematic Review
We reviewed published articles on physicians’ attitudes toward resuscitation of EPIs to gain richer insight into their decision-making process for this difficult topic.
State-of-the-Art Review Article
- A Public Health Crisis: Electronic Cigarettes, Vape, and JUUL
The e-cigarette is the most common tobacco product used by youth; the nicotine and toxicants in emissions may lead to addiction and other harmful health effects.
Special Articles
- The Community Access to Child Health (CATCH) Program: A 25-Year Retrospective
For 25 years, the CATCH program has supported pediatricians in planning or implementing innovative community-based child health initiatives.
- Ethical Issues Considered When Establishing a Pediatrics Gender Surgery Center
The establishment of a gender surgery center in a pediatric setting requires institutions to address a unique group of ethical and legal challenges.
Ethics Rounds
- Disclosure of Misattributed Paternity
When misattributed paternity is discovered as an incidental finding, clinicians must decide whether to disclose.
Quality Reports
- Preparing for Discharge From the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
A structured, multiyear QI initiative in which multiple outcome and process measures were used successfully improved discharge readiness for families with an infant in the NICU.
- Standardizing Clinical Response to Results of Lead Screening: A Quality Improvement Study
This QI study reveals dramatic improvement in primary care system adherence to a protocol for addressing elevated lead levels.
Case Reports
- Newborn Infant With Mothball Toxicity Due to Maternal Ingestion
Chronic maternal ingestion of mothballs during the third trimester of pregnancy causes severe hemolytic anemia and pulmonary hypertension in the mother’s newborn.
- Use of Cardiac MRI to Assess Antitumor Efficacy of Everolimus in Sporadic Cardiac Rhabdomyoma
Everolimus is a novel treatment of sporadic cardiac rhabdomyoma as revealed by serial CMRI.
- Severe Acute Respiratory Failure in Healthy Adolescents Exposed to Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole
TMP-SMX is implicated in drug reactions, although pulmonary involvement is rare; we describe 5 adolescents exposed to TMP-SMX with subsequent development of severe respiratory failure.
Commentaries