November 2018, VOLUME 142 / ISSUE 5
Table of Contents
Articles
- A Tool to Identify Adolescents at Risk of Cigarette Smoking Initiation
We describe the development of a prognostic tool for use by clinicians, which can be used to identify adolescents at risk for initiating cigarette smoking.
- Experiences With Medical Exemptions After a Change in Vaccine Exemption Policy in California
On the basis of semistructured interviews with health officers and immunization staff, we described their experiences with SB277, which eliminated nonmedical vaccine exemptions in California.
- Pediatric Emergency Department Visits for Homelessness After Shelter Eligibility Policy Change
Visits to a pediatric ED for homelessness (frequently without a medical complaint) increased after a change in emergency shelter eligibility regulation, with considerable associated costs.
- Shortened IV Antibiotic Course for Uncomplicated, Late-Onset Group B Streptococcal Bacteremia
Contrary to existing recommendations, early transition to oral antibiotic therapy may be appropriate for carefully selected infants with GBS bacteremia.
- Medicaid Expenditures Among Children With Noncomplex Chronic Diseases
We identified the use patterns of children with NC-CDs within 4 annual expenditure categories.
- Variation in Use by NICU Types in the United States
Proportions of admissions, days hospitalized, high-acuity infants, and short stays vary between NICUs even when compared with other units of the same type.
- Persistent Postconcussion Symptoms After Injury
PCSs failed to resolve in a striking number of children with mTBI; 40%, especially girls, continued to act differently 1 year after injury.
- Acetaminophen and Febrile Seizure Recurrences During the Same Fever Episode
In this report, we are the first to show that acetaminophen could prevent FS recurrence during the same fever episode in a randomized controlled trial.
- Pediatricians’ Participation in Quality Improvement at the Time of Enrollment in MOC
In this study, we assess the proportion of practicing pediatricians who participate in QI activities and their motivations for, attitudes about, and support received for QI participation.
- Childhood Obesity and Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis
In this study, we provide the most robust evidence to suggest a causal association between SCFE and childhood obesity.
- Antecedents of Obesity Among Children Born Extremely Preterm
In this study, we assess prenatal and postnatal antecedents of obesity at 10 years of age in a large cohort of children born EP.
- Effectiveness of a Hand Hygiene Program at Child Care Centers: A Cluster Randomized Trial
In this study, we show the effectiveness of hand hygiene programs (hand sanitizer versus hand-washing versus a control) in decreasing RIs in children at DCCs.
- Income Disparities and Cardiovascular Risk Factors Among Adolescents
In this study of NHANES data from 1999 to 2014, we show trends in cardiovascular risk factors and disparities among US adolescents.
- Gestational Age, Health, and Educational Outcomes in Adolescents
Through nationwide government records, health, developmental, and educational outcomes for children in New Zealand are described by gestational age from 23 weeks’ gestation to postterm.
- Activity Performance Curves of Individuals With Cerebral Palsy
In this longitudinal cohort study, we provide development curves of motor and daily activity performance of individuals with CP from infancy into adulthood (age 1–34).
- Gaps in Well-Child Care Attendance Among Primary Care Clinics Serving Low-Income Families
In this study, we found that WCVs were most commonly missed at 15 months, 18 months, and 4 years of age.
- Vaccination and Risk of Childhood IgA Vasculitis
In this study, we discuss the risk of developing pediatric IgAV (Henoch–Schönlein purpura) in the 3 months after vaccinations.
- Advance Care Planning and HIV Symptoms in Adolescence
FACE pACP decreased HIV-specific symptoms among adolescents through a pathway of increasing families’ understanding of their adolescents’ end-of-life treatment preferences.
From the American Academy of Pediatrics
Pediatrics Perspectives
Family Partnerships
Monthly Feature
Review Articles
- Motivational Interviewing to Treat Adolescents With Obesity: A Meta-analysis
Through SR of available evidence published over the last 20 years, we evaluate the use of MI for weight management in youth.
- School-Based Exercise Programs and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors: A Meta-analysis
The effects of school-based PA programs on different cardiometabolic risk factors and the most appropriate features of PA programs to achieve maximum effectiveness are unclear.
- Hospital-to-Home Interventions, Use, and Satisfaction: A Meta-analysis
In this study, we systematically review and meta-analyze the evidence for pediatric hospital discharge interventions that are associated with reduced health care use and/or improved patient and family satisfaction.
- Neurodevelopmental Consequences of Preterm Isolated Cerebellar Hemorrhage: A Systematic Review
In this review, we provide an overview of neurodevelopmental outcome after isolated cerebellar hemorrhage in preterm infants, focusing on cognitive, motor, language, and behavioral outcomes.
- Ultrasound Guidance for Pediatric Central Venous Catheterization: A Meta-analysis
We systematically searched the literature to investigate the effects of ultrasound guidance on clinical outcomes in pediatric patients undergoing central venous catheterization.
State-of-the-Art Review Article
- The Intersection of Health and Education to Address School Readiness of All Children
Early childhood experiences and child health impact SR. We combine literature from pediatrics and education to promote transdisciplinary work to narrow the achievement gap.
Ethics Rounds
- Should Foreigners Get Costly Lifesaving Treatments in the United States?
Doctors must decide what to do when a foreign child needs a transplant but the parents don’t have the money to pay for it.
- Unilateral Withdrawal of Life-sustaining Therapy in a Severely Impaired Child
Doctors must decide how to respond to parents’ requests to “do everything” for a neurologically devastated child.
Quality Reports
- An Electronic Referral and Social Work Protocol to Improve Access to Mental Health Services
In this report, we describe implementation of an electronic referral and social work protocol to improve access to mental health services in an integrated health care setting.
- A System-Level Approach to Improve HIV Screening in an Urban Pediatric Primary Care Setting
Rapid HIV screening in pediatric primary care can be used to improve the screening rate and result receipt in youth, one of the highest-risk populations.
Diagnostic Dilemmas
- A 17-Year-Old Girl With Weight Loss and Elevated Inflammatory Markers
A 17-year-old girl presented to her medical home with unintentional weight loss and elevation in her inflammatory markers. The unifying diagnosis required multiple subspecialty input.
Case Reports
- Influenza Myocarditis Treated With Antithymocyte Globulin
We present a case of fulminant influenza myocarditis in a pediatric patient that required mechanical circulatory support and was improved after treatment with steroids, IVIg, and ATG.
- Catatonia Associated With a SCN2A-Related Disorder in a 4-Year-Old Child
We report the rare case of a 4-year-old child presenting with catatonia related to an SCN2A mutation who was successfully treated with lorazepam and vigabatrin.
- Renal Amyloidosis in Deficiency of Adenosine Deaminase 2: Successful Experience With Canakinumab
DADA2 should be considered in the differential diagnosis of renal amyloidosis; canakinumab may be the appropriate treatment agent for renal amyloidosis in DADA2.
Commentaries