Article Figures & Data
Figures
- FIGURE 1
Harm perception across different tobacco products among single-product and poly-tobacco users, NYTS 2016. Questions used to assess product-specific harm perceptions were available for only cigarettes, smokeless tobacco products (chewing tobacco, snuff, dip, and snus), hookah, and e-cigarettes. Similar questions were not asked for RYO tobacco, pipe tobacco, or cigars. Single-product use of each specific product type was defined as past-30-day use of that product type but none of the others in the past 30 days. Poly-tobacco use was defined as past-30-day use of ≥2 tobacco product types. SLT includes chewing tobacco, snuff, dip, snus, and dissolvable tobacco products. SLT, smokeless tobacco.
Tables
- TABLE 1
Factors Associated With Denying Being a User of Any Tobacco Product Among Past-30-Day Users of Specific Tobacco Product Types (N = 2350), NYTS 2016
Characteristic Category aOR (95% CI)a Tobacco product used in past 30 d Cigarettes onlyb Reference Hookah only 1.13 (0.58–2.20) E-cigarettes only 2.81 (1.63–4.84)* Cigars only 2.51 (1.35–4.67)* Smokeless tobacco only 1.46 (0.73–2.92) RYO and/or pipe tobacco only 6.38 (2.50–16.25)* Poly-tobacco usec 0.51 (0.30–0.87)* Usual source of tobacco products used in past 30 d Purchased Reference Social sources (eg, family and/or friends) 3.81 (2.80–5.17)* Indeterminate 1.78 (0.79–3.98) Nicotine dependenced Yes Reference No 2.16 (1.56–3.00)* Indeterminate 1.73 (0.67–4.48) Household member tobacco product use None Reference Combustible onlye 0.96 (0.71–1.30) Smokeless tobacco or e-cigarettes only 1.15 (0.72–1.84) Combined tobacco products 0.55 (0.36–0.82)* Indeterminate — Race and/or ethnicity White, non-Hispanic Reference African American, non-Hispanic 2.81 (1.92–4.11)* Asian American, non-Hispanic 1.35 (0.34–5.40) Hispanic 1.94 (1.41–2.66)* Other race and/or ethnicity 1.24 (0.79–1.96) Indeterminate 2.77 (1.32–5.79)* School level High school Reference Middle school 1.84 (1.32–2.55)* Indeterminate 1.79 (0.36–8.84) Sex Male Reference Female 0.97 (0.74–1.26) Indeterminate 0.97 (0.19–5.04) CI, confidence interval; —, not applicable.
↵a Adjusted for all factors listed.
↵b Includes 1 individual who smoked bidis exclusively, and 124 who smoked regular cigarettes exclusively.
↵c Defined as the use of ≥2 products of those listed above.
↵d “During the past 30 days, have you had a strong craving or felt like you really needed to use a tobacco product of any kind?”
↵e Cigarettes, cigars, bidis, RYO tobacco, pipes, or waterpipes.
↵* P < .05.
- TABLE 2
Perception of Self and of Different Tobacco Products Among Past-30-Day Tobacco Product Users, NYTS 2016
Product Used in Past 30 d Perception of Self Perception of Products as Harmfula Did Not Identify as a Tobacco Product User Cigarettesb Smokeless Tobaccob Hookahb E-cigarettesb All Tobacco Productsc % (95% CI) % (95% CI) % (95% CI) % (95% CI) % (95% CI) % (95% CI) E-cigarettes only (N = 558) Overall Overall 59.7 (54.8–64.6) 89.8 (86.9–92.7) 85.5 (81.8–89.2) 70.5 (65.9–75.1) 22.0 (17.9–26.0)d 80.0 (76.0–83.9) Sex Male 64.0 (57.8–70.2) 90.6 (87.0–94.3) 84.7 (79.7–89.6) 72.9 (67.1–78.8) 19.9 (14.8–25.0)d 77.8 (72.5–83.1) Female 53.8 (46.0–61.6) 88.6 (83.8–93.3) 86.3 (80.7–91.9) 66.8 (59.4–74.2) 24.4 (17.8–31.0)d 82.5 (76.6–88.3) School level Middle 75.2 (66.4–84.0) 84.9 (77.3–92.6) 76.3 (66.1–86.6) 68.8 (59.2–78.5) e 75.2 (66.3–84.1) High 54.5 (48.9–60.2) 91.3 (88.4–94.3) 88.3 (84.9–91.7) 70.9 (65.7–76.2) 23.6 (18.8–28.4)d 81.4 (77.1–85.7) Cigars onlya (N = 233) Overall Overall 56.6 (48.7–64.6) 82.7 (75.6–89.8) 82.2 (74.9–89.5) 61.8 (53.7–69.9) 45.2 (37.1–53.3) 81.9 (75.1–88.6) Sex Male 48.1 (37.3–58.9) 78.0 (67.5–88.4) 79.2 (68.5–89.8) 62.6 (51.8–73.3) 37.2 (27.1–47.2) 79.3 (69.7–89.0) Female 69.7 (58.5–80.9) 89.8 (82.7–96.9) 86.7 (78.5–95.0) 60.6 (48.4–72.7) 57.1 (45.0–69.2) 85.8 (77.4–94.1) School level Middle 80.6 (62.7–98.5) 71.7 (47.7–95.7) 62.8 (38.9–86.7) 54.8 (31.6–78.1) e 70.6 (46.6–94.5) High 51.4 (43.0–59.9) 85.1 (78.5–91.7) 86.3 (79.5–93.1) 63.3 (54.7–71.8) 47.7 (39.1–56.3) 84.3 (78.3–90.4) Hookah only (N = 159) Overall Overall 44.0 (34.5–53.6) 84.3 (76.2–92.3) 90.0 (84.7–95.4) 34.8 (25.9–43.7)d 50.0 (40.4–59.6) 79.5 (71.8–87.1) Sex Male 48.5 (30.5–66.5) 78.7 (63.0–94.4) 83.5 (69.5–97.4) 35.6 (20.1–51.2)d 44.7 (26.2–63.2) 80.8 (68.2–93.4) Female 42.2 (31.0–53.4) 86.5 (77.2–95.9) 92.7 (87.9–97.4) 34.5 (23.7–45.3)d 52.1 (40.8–63.5) 78.9 (69.5–88.3) School level Middle 54.2 (30.7–77.7) 74.7 (50.6–98.8) 86.8 (74.9–98.6) 25.6 (4.9–46.2)d 52.6 (28.0–77.1) 70.7 (49.3–92.1) High 41.1 (31.0–51.2) 86.9 (79.4–94.4) 90.9 (84.9–97.0) 37.3 (27.6–47.0)d 49.3 (39.1–59.5) 81.9 (74.1–89.6) Smokeless tobacco only (N = 119) Overall Overall 38.5 (27.9–49.1) 83.7 (75.4–92.0) 50.3 (39.5–61.2)d 70.9 (61.1–80.7) 51.2 (40.3–62.0) 77.7 (68.9–86.6) Sex Male 35.7 (24.4–47.0) 84.0 (75.5–92.6) 47.6 (35.9–59.4)d 73.9 (63.8–84.0) 50.9 (39.1–62.6) 77.7 (68.5–86.9) Female 47.9 (19.2–76.6) 81.5 (56.8–100.0) 64.5 (37.1–91.9)d 57.3 (29.4–85.2) 53.5 (25.2–81.7) 78.6 (52.6–100.0) School level Middle 58.9 (35.4–82.4) 82.1 (64.0–100.0) 60.2 (38.3–82.0)d 82.2 (63.5–100.0) 56.8 (34.7–78.9) 81.1 (62.3–100.0) High 29.9 (18.6–41.1) 84.2 (75.2–93.3) 46.8 (34.6–58.9)d 66.3 (54.8–77.9) 49.3 (37.1–61.6) 76.2 (66.3–86.1) Cigarettes onlyf (N = 125) Overall Overall 26.5 (17.6–35.4) 77.8 (69.2–86.4)d 83.9 (76.5–91.2) 73.4 (64.2–82.5) 37.0 (26.7–47.2) 86.8 (81.3–92.3) Sex Male 28.1 (14.9–41.2) 68.6 (54.1–83.1)d 74.7 (61.0–88.4) 70.5 (55.8–85.2) 29.3 (16.7–41.9) 86.1 (77.1–95.0) Female 25.4 (13.4–37.5) 84.1 (74.8–93.5)d 90.2 (83.2–97.2) 75.3 (64.3–86.3) 42.3 (28.9–55.6) 87.3 (78.7–95.9) School level Middle 42.3 (17.6–66.9) 69.2 (43.3–95.2)d 76.3 (61.0–91.7) 79.9 (58.3–100.0) e 75.9 (59.2–92.6) High 24.2 (14.8–33.6) 79.1 (69.7–88.4)d 85.0 (76.9–93.1) 72.4 (63.0–81.9) 37.9 (27.3–48.6) 88.4 (82.0–94.8) RYO and/or pipe tobacco onlya (N = 68) Overall Overall 82.2 (70.9–93.6) 56.8 (41.9–71.8) 54.2 (38.7–69.8) 47.7 (32.2–63.1) 37.6 (21.7–53.6) 58.9 (43.4–74.4) Sex Male 83.5 (69.4–97.6) 51.4 (33.8–69.1) 54.3 (36.6–71.9) 52.4 (35.1–69.8) 36.3 (18.7–53.9) 63.1 (46.3–79.8) Female 77.0 (55.8–98.1) 77.4 (55.3–99.6) 59.5 (26.3–92.7) e 45.1 (10.3–79.9) 43.0 (12.4–73.6) School level Middle 77.4 (52.2–100.0) 62.3 (37.1–87.6) 57.6 (30.7–84.5) 59.8 (34.7–84.9) e 65.0 (40.2–89.8) High 84.3 (73.8–94.7) 56.1 (37.8–74.4) 54.7 (35.6–73.7) 42.5 (24.0–61.1) 40.1 (20.6–59.6) 53.7 (34.4–72.9) Poly-tobacco use (≥2 tobacco products; N = 1088) Overall Overall 12.7 (10.4–15.0) 73.3 (69.9–76.6) 68.4 (64.8–71.9) 55.7 (51.9–59.5) 28.9 (25.5–32.3) 73.6 (70.3–76.8) Sex Male 13.0 (9.9–16.0) 71.5 (67.1–76.0) 64.5 (59.8–69.2) 55.8 (50.8–60.8) 27.3 (22.9–31.7) 70.9 (66.5–75.4) Female 12.2 (8.7–15.6) 75.4 (70.2–80.5) 74.1 (68.6–79.5) 55.3 (49.5–61.2) 31.6 (26.2–37.0) 76.9 (72.3–81.5) School level Middle 16.4 (10.5–22.2) 56.7 (48.0–65.4) 64.9 (56.7–73.0) 44.0 (35.3–52.7)* 21.7 (15.1–28.2) 56.6 (47.7–65.6) High 11.9 (9.4–14.3) 76.9 (73.3–80.4) 69.3 (65.3–73.3) 58.3 (54.1–62.5)* 30.5 (26.6–34.3) 77.2 (73.9–80.5) Responses with P values vary significantly by the assessed sociodemographic characteristics (ie, between boys and girls or between middle school and high school students). Current (past-30-d) use was assessed for the following product types in the NYTS: cigarettes, bidis, cigars, pipes, RYO tobacco, hookah, e-cigarettes, and smokeless tobacco products (chewing tobacco, snuff, dip, snus, and dissolvable tobacco). Exclusive use of a specific product type was defined as using that product in the past 30 d but none of the remaining product types. CI, confidence interval.
↵a No question was asked about perceived harm of cigars and pipe or RYO tobacco in the 2016 NYTS.
↵b The 4 response options used to measure respondents’ harm perception (no harm, little harm, some harm, and a lot of harm) were collapsed into either low harm (no harm or little harm) or high harm (some harm or a lot of harm).
↵c The 4 response options used to measure the extent to which respondents agreed that “all tobacco products are dangerous” (strongly agree, agree, disagree, and strongly disagree) were collapsed into either perceived low harm (disagree or strongly disagree) or high harm (strongly agree or agree).
↵d The tobacco product for which the perception of harm is being assessed corresponds to the specific tobacco product used exclusively by the respondent.
↵e Estimates were suppressed because relative SEs were ≥30%.
↵f Includes 1 individual who used bidis exclusively.
↵* P < .05.
