February 2018, VOLUME 141 / ISSUE 2
Table of Contents
Articles
- Clinical Decision Support for Recognition and Management of Hypertension: A Randomized Trial
In this cluster-randomized trial conducted in a large health system, an EHR-linked CDS improved the recognition and guideline-adherent management of hypertension.
- Accuracy of the Urinalysis for Urinary Tract Infections in Febrile Infants 60 Days and Younger
This prospective study reveals the accuracy of the urinalysis for diagnosing UTIs in febrile infants 60 days and younger with and without bacteremia.
- Unstable Housing and Caregiver and Child Health in Renter Families
In this study, we demonstrate associations between housing instability and the health of young children and their caregivers among low-income families in rental housing.
- Injury and Mortality Among Children Identified as at High Risk of Maltreatment
In this study, we use administrative data to document elevated rates of injury and mortality for children identified at birth as at high risk of child protection involvement.
- Prevalence and Risk Factors for Microcephaly at Birth in Brazil in 2010
Before the Zika virus epidemic, microcephaly was endemic in Brazil and was associated with IUGR and sociodemographic, reproductive, and lifestyle variables.
- Online Tobacco Marketing and Subsequent Tobacco Use
In this article, we assess whether engagement with online tobacco marketing is a risk factor for tobacco use initiation, increased frequency of use, progression to poly-product use, and cessation.
- Race, Preoperative Risk Factors, and Death After Surgery
By using a large nationwide cohort, the authors of this article improve our understanding of racial disparities in surgical outcomes in children.
- A Home Visiting Parenting Program and Child Obesity: A Randomized Trial
The positive effects of a 27-month home visiting parenting program on overweight and obesity among 2-year-old children living in lower-income urban homes.
- Cardiovascular Risk Factors After Adolescent Bariatric Surgery
In adolescents undergoing bariatric surgery, girls, those with greater weight loss, and younger individuals had greater improvements in multiple CVD-RFs.
- Rhinovirus in Febrile Infants and Risk of Bacterial Infection
HRV detection does not alter the risk of UTI in febrile infants at any age or the risk of invasive infection in those 1 to 28 days old.
- Herpes Simplex Virus Infection in Infants Undergoing Meningitis Evaluation
In this study, HSV infection was identified in 0.42% of 26 533 encounters in 0 to 60-day-old infants being evaluated by LP for CNS infection.
- Cost-effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Depressed Youth Declining Antidepressants
We evaluated whether a CBT program was cost-effective for youth with depression who decline ADs. We found the program to be cost-effective and likely to generate cost savings.
- Completion Rate and Safety of Tuberculosis Infection Treatment With Shorter Regimens
We have found that shorter regimens for TB infection (3HP or 4R) are safe and have higher completion rates than 9H.
- Outcome of Preterm Infants With Postnatal Cytomegalovirus Infection
In this prospective study, we investigate neurodevelopmental outcomes, including hearing, of a large cohort of preterm infants with pCMV infection until early childhood.
- Morbidity and Mortality in Small for Gestational Age Infants at 22 to 29 Weeks’ Gestation
SGA for infants born from 22 to 29 weeks’ gestation is associated with increased risks of mortality and several morbidities, but these risks differ across the GA range.
- Neonatal Morbidity at Term, Early Child Development, and School Performance: A Population Study
Linked, population-based birth, development, and school performance data were used to estimate the impact of neonatal morbidity among term infants on neurodevelopment at ages 4 to 9 years.
- Developmental Disability at School Age and Difficulty Obtaining Follow-up Data
Difficulty in getting children to get to attend for research follow-up and lower follow-up rates are associated with more neurodevelopmental disability at school age.
- Placental Findings and Effect of Prophylactic Hydrocortisone in Extremely Preterm Infants
In this article, we report the relationship between histological findings of the placenta and neonatal outcomes of extremely preterm infants with and without early postnatal hydrocortisone treatment.
- Pediatric Sports- and Recreation-Related Eye Injuries Treated in US Emergency Departments
This study investigates the characteristics and trends of pediatric sports- and recreation-related eye injuries during a 23-year period by using a nationally representative ED database.
- Cardiac Arrest Survival in Pediatric and General Emergency Departments
Survival in OHCA is higher in pediatric EDs than general EDs.
From the American Academy of Pediatrics
Pediatrics Perspectives
Family Partnerships
Monthly Feature
Review Articles
- Reducing Unnecessary Imaging and Pathology Tests: A Systematic Review
Reducing LVC is a priority. In this systematic review, we summarize current evidence for how best to reduce unnecessary imaging and pathology testing in children.
- Acid-Suppressive Drug Use During Pregnancy and the Risk of Childhood Asthma: A Meta-analysis
Prenatal, maternal, acid-suppressive drug use was associated with an increased risk of childhood asthma.
- Neurodevelopment in Young Children Born to HIV-Infected Mothers: A Meta-analysis
In this review, we report worse developmental outcomes in both HIV+ and HEU children compared with HUU children.
State-of-the-Art Review Article
- Monitoring the Postnatal Growth of Preterm Infants: A Paradigm Change
There is no evidence that preterm postnatal growth should mimic that of healthy fetuses. It is seldom achieved and creates extrauterine growth–restricted or overfat infants.
Ethics Rounds
- Should Pediatric Euthanasia be Legalized?
Belgium recently legalized pediatric euthanasia. The Netherlands is considering a similar policy. Should they?
Quality Reports
- Multisite Emergency Department Inpatient Collaborative to Reduce Unnecessary Bronchiolitis Care
The collaboration between ED and IP units was associated with decreased use of unnecessary tests and therapies for bronchiolitis in a 35-hospital QI study.
- Implementation and Improvement of Pediatric Asthma Guideline Improves Hospital-Based Care
The implementation and continuous improvement of an asthma CPG led to improved efficiency throughout a hospital, including in the ED, inpatient, and ICU care.
Case Reports
- Granuloma Glutaeale Infantum: A Re-emerging Complication of Diaper Dermatitis
The etiological role of reusable diapers in the recent re-emergence of severe DD complications has been increasingly recognized. TCIs may be an effective treatment.
- A Case of Cardiomyopathy Due to Premature Ductus Arteriosus Closure: The Flip Side of Paracetamol
APAP is not always a safe analgesic. If closed DA, cardiomyopathy, and right-heart dysfunction are detected at birth, its prenatal assumption should be sought.
- Fulminant Nocardiosis Due to a Multidrug-Resistant Isolate in a 12-Year-Old Immunocompetent Child
This challenging form of invasive nocardiosis highlights the importance of promptly considering this diagnosis when facing a multiple-organ infection and identifying species for treatment optimization.
Commentaries