The Yale Observation Scale Score and the Risk of Serious Bacterial Infections in Febrile Infants

Lise E. Nigrovic, MD, MPHa,
Prashant V. Mahajan, MD, MPH, MBAb,c,d,
Stephen M. Blumberg, MDe,
Lorin R. Browne, DOf,g,
James G. Linakis, MD, PhDh,i,
Richard M. Ruddy, MDj,
Jonathan E. Bennett, MDk,
Alexander J. Rogers, MDc,d,
Leah Tzimenatos, MDl,
Elizabeth C. Powell, MD, MPHm,
Elizabeth R. Alpern, MD, MSCEm,n,
T. Charles Casper, PhDo,
Octavio Ramilo, MDp,
Nathan Kuppermann, MD, MPHl,q,
for the Febrile Infant Working Group of the Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN)

^aDivision of Emergency Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts;
^bDepartment of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Michigan, Detroit, Michigan;
^cDepartments of Emergency Medicine, and
^dPediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan;
^eDepartment of Pediatrics, Jacobi Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York;
^fDepartments of Pediatrics, and
^gEmergency Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Wisconsin, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin;
^hDepartments of Emergency Medicine, and
ⁱPediatrics, Hasbro Children’s Hospital and Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island;
^jDivision of Emergency Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio;
^kDivision of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Nemours Children’s Health System, Wilmington, Delaware;
^lDepartments of Emergency Medicine, and
^qPediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California;
^mDivision of Emergency Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois;
ⁿDivision of Emergency Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania;
^oPediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network Data Coordinating Center, Salt Lake City, Utah; and
^pNationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio

Dr Nigrovic helped conceive and design the study, supervised patient enrollment and data abstraction, conducted the primary data analysis, and drafted the initial manuscript; Dr Mahajan conceived and designed the study, obtained funding, supervised patient enrollment and data abstraction, contributed to data analysis, and revised the manuscript; Drs Blumberg, Browne, Linakis, Ruddy, Bennett, Rogers, Tzimenatos, Powell, and Alpern supervised patient enrollment and data abstraction, contributed to study design, and revised the manuscript; Dr Casper had full access to all of the data in the study and takes responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis; Dr Ramilo conceptualized and designed the study, obtained funding, and revised the manuscript; Dr Kuppermann conceived and designed the study, obtained funding, supervised patient enrollment and data abstraction, conducted the primary data analysis, and revised the manuscript; and all authors approved the final manuscript.

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