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Discover Pediatric Collections on COVID-19 and Racism and Its Effects on Pediatric Health

American Academy of Pediatrics
State-of-the-Art Review Article

Changing Policy and Practice in the Control of Pediatric Schistosomiasis

Francisca Mutapi
Pediatrics March 2015, 135 (3) 536-544; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2014-3189
Francisca Mutapi
Institute of Immunology and Infection Research, Centre for Immunity, Infection and Evolution, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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Abstract

Schistosomiasis is a chronic disease that affects ∼200 million people. The extended health impact of the disease has been estimated to exceed that of malaria or tuberculosis and to be nearer to that of HIV/AIDS. Within endemic areas, children carry the heaviest burden of infection. Infection/disease is controlled by the treatment of infected subjects with the anthelminthic drug praziquantel. Global initiatives from Partners of Parasite Control, including the World Health Organization (WHO), advocate regular school-based deworming strategies to reduce the development of severe morbidity, promote school–child health and development, and improve the cognitive potential of children. Until recently, preschool-aged children were excluded from schistosome treatment, creating a health inequity in affected populations. In 2010, the WHO updated their recommendations for the treatment of schistosomiasis in preschool-aged children (ie, children aged ≤5 years). This change was the culmination of several decades of research on schistosome epidemiology, immunology, and pathology in this age group. The recent development of a pediatric formulation of praziquantel (soon to enter clinical trials) should advance control efforts in preschool-aged children, with the goal of including these children in preventative chemotherapy (as currently occurs for soil-transmitted helminths). This review discusses the research work supporting the WHO revision of recommendations for treating preschool-aged children, as well as current barriers and knowledge gaps in pediatric schistosomiasis control.

  • bilharzia
  • mass drug administration
  • pediatric
  • praziquantel
  • preventative chemotherapy
  • schistosomiasis
  • Schistosoma haematobium
  • Schistosoma mansoni
  • urogenital schistosomiasis
  • World Health Organization
  • Accepted November 26, 2014.
  • Copyright © 2015 by the American Academy of Pediatrics

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Pediatrics
Vol. 135, Issue 3
1 Mar 2015
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Changing Policy and Practice in the Control of Pediatric Schistosomiasis
Francisca Mutapi
Pediatrics Mar 2015, 135 (3) 536-544; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2014-3189

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Changing Policy and Practice in the Control of Pediatric Schistosomiasis
Francisca Mutapi
Pediatrics Mar 2015, 135 (3) 536-544; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2014-3189
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    • Abstract
    • Schistosome Control Programs
    • Praziquantel
    • Challenging the Barriers to Treatment
    • Changing Policy and Practice
    • Remaining Challenges
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Cited By...

  • Toward Health Management of Major Labour Force Generation by Using Infection Control Countermeasures for Haematobium Schistosomiasis -assumed to be related to occupational risk- in the Republic of Malawi
  • Schistosomiasis Sustained Control Program in Ethnic Groups Around Ninefescha (Eastern Senegal)
  • Advances in the Diagnosis of Human Schistosomiasis
  • Google Scholar

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Subjects

  • International Child Health
    • International Child Health
  • Infectious Disease
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  • mass drug administration
  • pediatric
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  • preventative chemotherapy
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  • Schistosoma mansoni
  • urogenital schistosomiasis
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