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American Academy of Pediatrics
Article

Childhood and Adolescent Television Viewing and Antisocial Behavior in Early Adulthood

Lindsay A. Robertson, Helena M. McAnally and Robert J. Hancox
Pediatrics March 2013, 131 (3) 439-446; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2012-1582
Lindsay A. Robertson
Departments of aPreventive and Social Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, and
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Helena M. McAnally
bPsychology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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Robert J. Hancox
Departments of aPreventive and Social Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, and
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  • FIGURE 1
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    FIGURE 1

    Proportion of male and female Study members with a criminal conviction by age 26, by mean weekday television viewing between ages 5 and 15 years.

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    FIGURE 2

    Proportion of male Study members diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder by age 26, by mean weekday television viewing between ages 5 and 15 years.

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    FIGURE 3

    Early adulthood Aggression Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire SD scores, by level of television viewing between ages 5 and 15 years.

Tables

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    TABLE 1

    Television Viewing, Antisocial Behavior, and Aggressive Personality Scores Among Dunedin Study Members

    VariableTotal SampleMaleFemale
    NMean (SD)NMean (SD)NMean (SD)p
    Television viewing 5–15 y, weekday hours10182.33 (0.88)5232.42 (0.86)4952.24 (0.88).002a
    Aggression, MPQ score at 18 and 26 y99228.72 (19.38)50937.42 (19.90)48319.55 (13.82)<.001a
    Negative Emotionality, MPQ score at 18 and 26 y99289.36 (46.17)50998.39 (49.21)48383.01 (41.85)<.001a
    Positive Emotionality, MPQ score at 18 and 26 y992377.08 (74.60)509382.10 (78.57)483371.79 (69.86).029a
    n%n%n%p
    Any criminal conviction by 26 y (n = 504 men n = 481 women)16917.1613326.39367.48<.001b
    Violent conviction by 26 y, (n = 498 men n = 479 women)11611.879719.48193.97<.001b
    Antisocial personality disorder at 21 or 26 y (n = 505 men n = 481 women)606.095611.0940.83<.001b
    • MPQ, Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire.

    • ↵a P value indicates results of t test comparing men with women.

    • ↵b P value indicates results of χ2 test comparing men with women.

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    TABLE 2

    Logistic Regression Predicting Antisocial Behavior in Early Adulthood From Television Viewing Between 5 and 15 y Old

    Outcome VariableStudy GroupUnadjusted Odds Ratioa (95% Confidence Interval)Multiadjusted Odds Ratiob (95% Confidence Interval)
    Any criminal conviction by age 26 yTotal sampleb1.55 (1.26–1.89)**1.27 (1.00–1.61)*
    Males1.42 (1.12–1.79)**1.24 (0.93–1.64)
    Females1.92 (1.32–2.79)**1.46 (0.93–2.31)
    Any violent conviction by age 26 yTotal sampleb1.34 (1.07–1.70)*1.25 (0.95–1.66)
    Males1.43 (1.10–1.86)**1.29 (0.93–1.77)
    Females1.07 (0.64–1.79)1.10 (0.59–2.06)
    Diagnosis of antisocial personality disorder at either age 21 or 26 yTotal sampleb1.70 (1.24–2.34)**1.61 (1.10–2.36)*
    Males1.69 (1.21–2.36)**1.62 (1.08–2.43)*
    Females——
    • Odds ratios indicate the increase in the odds for the outcome associated with a 1-h increase in mean weekday television viewing. Significant at *P < .05, **P < .01. —, Too few cases to analyze (n = 4).

    • ↵a Odds ratios are unadjusted for male and female subgroups but adjusted for sex for the total sample.

    • ↵b Adjusted for sex, childhood SES, childhood IQ, undercontrolled temperament at age 3 y, parent- and teacher-rated antisocial behavior at age 5 y, and parental control at ages 7 and 9 y.

    • View popup
    TABLE 3

    Linear Regression Predicting Personality Traits in Early Adulthood From Television Viewing Between 5 and 15 y Old

    Outcome VariableStudy GroupUnadjusted Coefficienta (95% Confidence Interval)Multiadjusted Coefficientb (95% Confidence Interval)
    AggressionTotal sampleb0.21 (0.14 to 0.28)**0.19 (0.11 to 0.27)**
    Boys0.25 (0.15 to 0.35)**0.20 (0.08 to 0.31)**
    Girls0.17 (0.07 to 0.27)**0.18 (0.06 to 0.30)**
    Negative EmotionalityTotal sampleb0.19 (0.12 to 0.26)**0.13 (0.05 to 0.21)**
    Boys0.24 (0.14 to 0.34)**0.17 (0.05 to 0.27)**
    Girls0.14 (0.03 to 0.24)**0.10 (−0.02 to 0.21)
    Positive EmotionalityTotal sampleb−0.14 (−0.21 to −0.07)**−0.10 (−0.19 to −0.02)*
    Boys−0.15 (−0.25 to −0.04)**−0.14 (−0.26 to −0.02)*
    Girls−0.13 (−0.23 to −0.03)**−0.07 (−0.19 to 0.05)
    • Coefficients represent the increase in age- and sex-adjusted SD score for MPQ personality data associated with a 1-h increase in weekday television viewing. Significant at *P < .05, **P < .01.

    • a Analyses unadjusted for male and female subgroups but adjusted for sex for total sample.

    • ↵b Adjusted for childhood SES, childhood IQ, undercontrolled temperament at age 3 y, parent- and teacher-rated antisocial behavior at age 5 y, and parental control at ages 7 and 9 y.

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1 Mar 2013
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Childhood and Adolescent Television Viewing and Antisocial Behavior in Early Adulthood
Lindsay A. Robertson, Helena M. McAnally, Robert J. Hancox
Pediatrics Mar 2013, 131 (3) 439-446; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2012-1582

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Childhood and Adolescent Television Viewing and Antisocial Behavior in Early Adulthood
Lindsay A. Robertson, Helena M. McAnally, Robert J. Hancox
Pediatrics Mar 2013, 131 (3) 439-446; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2012-1582
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