Skip to main content

Advertising Disclaimer »

Main menu

  • Journals
    • Pediatrics
    • Hospital Pediatrics
    • Pediatrics in Review
    • NeoReviews
    • AAP Grand Rounds
    • AAP News
  • Authors/Reviewers
    • Submit Manuscript
    • Author Guidelines
    • Reviewer Guidelines
    • Open Access
    • Editorial Policies
  • Content
    • Current Issue
    • Online First
    • Archive
    • Blogs
    • Topic/Program Collections
    • AAP Meeting Abstracts
  • Pediatric Collections
    • COVID-19
    • Racism and Its Effects on Pediatric Health
    • More Collections...
  • AAP Policy
  • Supplements
    • Supplements
    • Publish Supplement
  • Multimedia
    • Video Abstracts
    • Pediatrics On Call Podcast
  • Subscribe
  • Alerts
  • Careers
  • Other Publications
    • American Academy of Pediatrics

User menu

  • Log in
  • Log out
  • My Cart

Search

  • Advanced search
American Academy of Pediatrics

AAP Gateway

Advanced Search

AAP Logo

  • Log in
  • Log out
  • My Cart
  • Journals
    • Pediatrics
    • Hospital Pediatrics
    • Pediatrics in Review
    • NeoReviews
    • AAP Grand Rounds
    • AAP News
  • Authors/Reviewers
    • Submit Manuscript
    • Author Guidelines
    • Reviewer Guidelines
    • Open Access
    • Editorial Policies
  • Content
    • Current Issue
    • Online First
    • Archive
    • Blogs
    • Topic/Program Collections
    • AAP Meeting Abstracts
  • Pediatric Collections
    • COVID-19
    • Racism and Its Effects on Pediatric Health
    • More Collections...
  • AAP Policy
  • Supplements
    • Supplements
    • Publish Supplement
  • Multimedia
    • Video Abstracts
    • Pediatrics On Call Podcast
  • Subscribe
  • Alerts
  • Careers

Discover Pediatric Collections on COVID-19 and Racism and Its Effects on Pediatric Health

American Academy of Pediatrics
Article

Comparison of Children Hospitalized With Seasonal Versus Pandemic Influenza A, 2004–2009

Dat Tran, Wendy Vaudry, Dorothy L. Moore, Julie A. Bettinger, Scott A. Halperin, David W. Scheifele and Samina Aziz
Pediatrics September 2012, 130 (3) 397-406; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2011-3216
Dat Tran
aDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Paediatrics, Program in Genetics & Genome Biology, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada;
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Wendy Vaudry
bDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Paediatrics, Stollery Children’s Hospital, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada;
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Dorothy L. Moore
cDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Paediatrics, Montreal Children’s Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada;
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Julie A. Bettinger
dVaccine Evaluation Centre, BC Children’s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada;
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Scott A. Halperin
eCanadian Centre for Vaccinology, IWK Health Centre, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; and
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
David W. Scheifele
dVaccine Evaluation Centre, BC Children’s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada;
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Samina Aziz
fCentre for Immunization & Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • Article
  • Figures & Data
  • Supplemental
  • Info & Metrics
  • Comments
Loading

This article requires a subscription to view the full text. If you have a subscription you may use the login form below to view the article. Access to this article can also be purchased.

Download PDF

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The extent to which pandemic H1N1 influenza (pH1N1) differed from seasonal influenza remains uncertain.

METHODS: By using active surveillance data collected by the Immunization Monitoring Program, Active at 12 Canadian pediatric hospitals, we compared characteristics of hospitalized children with pH1N1 with those with seasonal influenza A. We compared demographics, underlying health status, ICU admission, and mortality during both pandemic waves versus the 2004/2005 through the 2008/2009 seasons; influenza-related complications and hospitalization duration during pH1N1 wave 1 versus the 2004/2005 through the 2008/2009 seasons; and presenting signs and symptoms during both pH1N1 waves versus the 2006/2007 through the 2008/2009 seasons.

RESULTS: We identified 1265 pH1N1 cases (351 in wave 1, 914 in wave 2) and 1319 seasonal influenza A cases (816 from 2006/2007 through 2008/2009). Median ages were 4.8 (pH1N1) and 1.7 years (seasonal influenza A); P < .0001. Preexisting asthma was overrepresented in pH1N1 relative to seasonal influenza A (13.8% vs 5.5%; adjusted P < .0001). Symptoms more often associated with pH1N1 wave 1 versus seasonal influenza A were cough, headache, and gastrointestinal symptoms (adjusted P < .01 for each symptom). pH1N1 wave 1 cases were more likely to have radiologically confirmed pneumonia (adjusted odds ratio = 2.1; 95% confidence interval = 1.1–3.8) and longer median length of hospital stay (4 vs 3 days; adjusted P = .003) than seasonal influenza A. Proportions of children requiring intensive care and deaths in both pH1N1 waves (14.6% and 0.6%, respectively) were not significantly different from the seasonal influenza A group (12.7% and 0.5%, respectively).

CONCLUSIONS: pH1N1 in children differed from seasonal influenza A in risk factors, clinical presentation, and length of hospital stay, but not ICU admission or mortality.

KEY WORDS
  • pandemic H1N1 influenza
  • seasonal influenza A
  • child
  • severity
  • Abbreviations:
    CI —
    confidence interval
    DFA —
    direct fluorescent antibody assay
    IMPACT —
    Immunization Monitoring Program, Active
    OR —
    odds ratio
    pH1N1 —
    pandemic H1N1 influenza
    PCR —
    polymerase chain reaction
    • Accepted April 23, 2012.
    • Copyright © 2012 by the American Academy of Pediatrics

    Individual Login

    Log in
    You will be redirected to aap.org to login or to create your account.

    Institutional Login

    via Institution

    You may be able to gain access using your login credentials for your institution. Contact your librarian or administrator if you do not have a username and password.

    Log in through your institution

    If your organization uses OpenAthens, you can log in using your OpenAthens username and password. To check if your institution is supported, please see this list. Contact your library for more details.

    Purchase access

    You may purchase access to this article. This will require you to create an account if you don't already have one.

    Offer Reprints

    PreviousNext
    Back to top

    Advertising Disclaimer »

    In this issue

    Pediatrics
    Vol. 130, Issue 3
    1 Sep 2012
    • Table of Contents
    • Index by author
    View this article with LENS
    PreviousNext
    Email Article

    Thank you for your interest in spreading the word on American Academy of Pediatrics.

    NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address.

    Enter multiple addresses on separate lines or separate them with commas.
    Comparison of Children Hospitalized With Seasonal Versus Pandemic Influenza A, 2004–2009
    (Your Name) has sent you a message from American Academy of Pediatrics
    (Your Name) thought you would like to see the American Academy of Pediatrics web site.
    CAPTCHA
    This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions.
    Request Permissions
    Article Alerts
    Log in
    You will be redirected to aap.org to login or to create your account.
    Or Sign In to Email Alerts with your Email Address
    Citation Tools
    Comparison of Children Hospitalized With Seasonal Versus Pandemic Influenza A, 2004–2009
    Dat Tran, Wendy Vaudry, Dorothy L. Moore, Julie A. Bettinger, Scott A. Halperin, David W. Scheifele, Samina Aziz
    Pediatrics Sep 2012, 130 (3) 397-406; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2011-3216

    Citation Manager Formats

    • BibTeX
    • Bookends
    • EasyBib
    • EndNote (tagged)
    • EndNote 8 (xml)
    • Medlars
    • Mendeley
    • Papers
    • RefWorks Tagged
    • Ref Manager
    • RIS
    • Zotero
    Share
    Comparison of Children Hospitalized With Seasonal Versus Pandemic Influenza A, 2004–2009
    Dat Tran, Wendy Vaudry, Dorothy L. Moore, Julie A. Bettinger, Scott A. Halperin, David W. Scheifele, Samina Aziz
    Pediatrics Sep 2012, 130 (3) 397-406; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2011-3216
    del.icio.us logo Digg logo Reddit logo Twitter logo CiteULike logo Facebook logo Google logo Mendeley logo
    Print
    Download PDF
    Insight Alerts
    • Table of Contents

    Jump to section

    • Article
      • Abstract
      • Methods
      • Results
      • Discussion
      • Conclusions
      • Acknowledgments
      • Footnotes
      • References
    • Figures & Data
    • Supplemental
    • Info & Metrics
    • Comments

    Related Articles

    • PubMed
    • Google Scholar

    Cited By...

    • Influenza-Associated Pediatric Deaths in the United States, 2010-2016
    • Hospitalization for Influenza A Versus B
    • Every Year Is an Influenza Pandemic for Children: Can We Stop Them?
    • Google Scholar

    More in this TOC Section

    • Neonatal SARS-CoV-2 Infections in Breastfeeding Mothers
    • Racial and Ethnic Diversity in Studies Funded Under the Best Pharmaceuticals for Children Act
    • Clinical Impact of a Diagnostic Gastrointestinal Panel in Children
    Show more Article

    Similar Articles

    Subjects

    • Infectious Disease
      • Infectious Disease
    • Journal Info
    • Editorial Board
    • Editorial Policies
    • Overview
    • Licensing Information
    • Authors/Reviewers
    • Author Guidelines
    • Submit My Manuscript
    • Open Access
    • Reviewer Guidelines
    • Librarians
    • Institutional Subscriptions
    • Usage Stats
    • Support
    • Contact Us
    • Subscribe
    • Resources
    • Media Kit
    • About
    • International Access
    • Terms of Use
    • Privacy Statement
    • FAQ
    • AAP.org
    • shopAAP
    • Follow American Academy of Pediatrics on Instagram
    • Visit American Academy of Pediatrics on Facebook
    • Follow American Academy of Pediatrics on Twitter
    • Follow American Academy of Pediatrics on Youtube
    • RSS
    American Academy of Pediatrics

    © 2021 American Academy of Pediatrics