TABLE 1

TABLE 1

Classification of Sports According to Contact

Contact	Limited-Contact	Noncontact
Basketball	Adventure racing^a	Badminton
Boxing^b	Baseball	Bodybuilding^c
Cheerleading	Bicycling	Bowling
Diving	Canoeing or kayaking (white water)	Canoeing or kayaking (flat water)
Extreme sports^d	Fencing	Crew or rowing
Field hockey	Field events	Curling
Football, tackle	High jump	Dance
Gymnastics	Pole vault	Field events
Ice hockey^e	Floor hockey	Discus
Lacrosse	Football, flag or touch	Javelin
Martial arts^f	Handball	Shot-put
Rodeo	Horseback riding	Golf
Rugby	Martial arts^f	Orienteering^g
Skiing, downhill	Racquetball	Power lifting^c
Ski jumping	Skating	Race walking
Snowboarding	Ice	Riflery
Soccer	In-line	Rope jumping
Team handball	Roller	Running
Ultimate Frisbee	Skiing	Sailing
Water polo	Cross-country	Scuba diving
Wrestling	Water	Swimming
	Skateboarding	Table tennis
	Softball	Tennis
	Squash	Track
	Volleyball
	Weight lifting
	Windsurfing or surfing

↵a Adventure racing has been added since the previous statement was published and is defined as a combination of 2 or more disciplines, including orienteering and navigation, cross-country running, mountain biking, paddling, and climbing and rope skills.¹
↵b The American Academy of Pediatrics opposes participation in boxing for children, adolescents, and young adults.²
↵c The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends limiting bodybuilding and power lifting until the adolescent achieves sexual maturity rating 5 (Tanner stage V).
↵d Extreme sports has been added since the previous statement was published.
↵e The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends limiting the amount of body checking allowed for hockey players 15 years and younger, to reduce injuries.
↵f Martial arts can be subclassified as judo, jujitsu, karate, kung fu, and tae kwon do; some forms are contact sports and others are limited-contact sports.
↵g Orienteering is a race (contest) in which competitors use a map and a compass to find their way through unfamiliar territory.

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