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Discover Pediatric Collections on COVID-19 and Racism and Its Effects on Pediatric Health

American Academy of Pediatrics
ELECTRONIC ARTICLE

Skin-to-Skin Contact Is Analgesic in Healthy Newborns

Larry Gray, Lisa Watt and Elliott M. Blass
Pediatrics January 2000, 105 (1) e14; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.105.1.e14
Larry Gray
From the *Department of Pediatrics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; and the
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Lisa Watt
From the *Department of Pediatrics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; and the
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Elliott M. Blass
From the *Department of Pediatrics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; and the
‡Department of Psychology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts.
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    Fig. 1.

    Time line of the experimental procedure. Note that the foot warmer was placed on the infant before the mother and infant were placed in skin-to-skin contact.

  • Fig. 2.
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    Fig. 2.

    Mean (±) standard error of the mean percentage occurrence of grimacing and crying during the heel stick procedure for control newborns and newborns who were in skin-to-skin contact with their mothers before and during the procedure (n = 15/group for crying and grimacing, except n = 12 for grimacing in contact group).

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    Fig. 3.

    Amount of crying (circles) and grimacing (squares) in real time, for contact (open symbols) and control (filled symbols) groups of newborns during the first 2 minutes of recovery. Data presentation is limited to the first 2 minutes of recovery because 7 of the control infants had to be removed from the study at that point for excessive crying.

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    Fig. 4.

    Mean heart rate (bpm) at 10-second intervals for the entire study for both control and contact infants. At each data point,n = 15 infants. Representative standard errors of the mean are placed at 3 minutes 40 seconds.

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Pediatrics
Vol. 105, Issue 1
1 Jan 2000
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Skin-to-Skin Contact Is Analgesic in Healthy Newborns
Larry Gray, Lisa Watt, Elliott M. Blass
Pediatrics Jan 2000, 105 (1) e14; DOI: 10.1542/peds.105.1.e14

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Skin-to-Skin Contact Is Analgesic in Healthy Newborns
Larry Gray, Lisa Watt, Elliott M. Blass
Pediatrics Jan 2000, 105 (1) e14; DOI: 10.1542/peds.105.1.e14
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  • Pain in the Neonate: Focus on Nonpharmacologic Interventions
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  • Ergonomic Procedure for Heel Sticks and Shots in Kangaroo Care (Skin-to-Skin) Position
  • Skin-to-Skin Contact Diminishes Pain From Hepatitis B Vaccine Injection in Healthy Full-Term Neonates
  • Relief of Pain and Anxiety in Pediatric Patients in Emergency Medical Systems
  • Effective Analgesia Using Physical Interventions for Infant Immunizations
  • Variation at the mu-opioid receptor gene (OPRM1) influences attachment behavior in infant primates
  • International Perspectives: Skin-to-skin Contact: A Paramount Contribution to the Modern Neonatal Paradigm
  • What's New in the Management of Pain in Children
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Keywords

  • human newborns
  • pain
  • heel lance
  • skin-to-skin contact
  • kangaroo care
  • crying
  • grimacing
  • heart rate
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