Distribution of Socioeconomic and Family Factors by Usual Weekday Bedtimes at Age 7
| Usual Weekday Bedtime at Age 7 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Before 7:30 | 7:30–7:59 | 8:00–8:29 | 8:30–8:59 | 9:00 or Later | Nonregular | |
| Child age, y, mean | 7.2 | 7.2 | 7.2 | 7.3 | 7.2 | 7.2 |
| Gender, male | 45.3 | 49.8 | 51.9 | 49.7 | 52.2 | 50.2 |
| Mother’s age, y, mean | 34.5 | 35.9 | 36.4 | 36.7 | 36.0 | 36.2 |
| Birth order, firstborn | 50.3 | 49.9 | 42.0 | 33.3 | 34.0 | 39.6 |
| Family income | ||||||
| £52 000 or more | 10.1 | 17.3 | 15.0 | 13.6 | 7.3 | 7.3 |
| £31 200–£51 999 | 21.2 | 26.2 | 27.3 | 25.6 | 19.0 | 17.1 |
| £20 800–£31 199 | 22.8 | 21.6 | 20.9 | 21.7 | 20.4 | 21.3 |
| £10 400–£20 799 | 25.7 | 19.5 | 19.8 | 20.6 | 30.6 | 24.3 |
| Less than £10 400 | 11.0 | 7.7 | 8.9 | 10.5 | 12.6 | 17.6 |
| Not known | 9.2 | 7.8 | 8.0 | 8.0 | 10.0 | 12.4 |
| Highest parental qualification | ||||||
| Higher degree | 10.9 | 14.3 | 12.9 | 14.1 | 9.0 | 8.2 |
| First degree or diploma | 35.1 | 41.5 | 41.9 | 35.3 | 25.8 | 29.3 |
| A/AS levels | 17.2 | 16.0 | 15.4 | 16.0 | 19.0 | 16.4 |
| GCSE grades A–C | 23.5 | 20.6 | 21.2 | 24.4 | 26.5 | 27.4 |
| GCSE grades D–G | 7.0 | 3.6 | 4.0 | 4.1 | 7.1 | 6.2 |
| Other or overseas | 1.2 | 0.6 | 1.1 | 1.3 | 3.8 | 3.0 |
| None | 5.1 | 3.5 | 3.5 | 4.8 | 8.8 | 9.5 |
| Mother’s psychological distress, mean | 3.1 | 2.9 | 2.8 | 2.9 | 3.1 | 4.0 |
| Discipline strategies score, mean | 1.7 | 1.6 | 1.5 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 1.5 |
| Mother often irritated with child | 19.7 | 19.3 | 18.4 | 14.7 | 16.9 | 24.4 |
| Mother’s parenting competence, better than average | 57.0 | 63.5 | 63.7 | 63.5 | 66.9 | 55.3 |
| Breastfed, ever | 66.2 | 74.7 | 71.1 | 65.9 | 60.1 | 60.3 |
| Skips breakfast, ever | 2.8 | 2.2 | 4.2 | 6.1 | 11.6 | 13.5 |
| Helped with reading, daily | 22.9 | 26.3 | 22.4 | 20.0 | 23.5 | 18.2 |
| Helped with math, daily | 6.8 | 6.5 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 7.3 | 6.5 |
| Helped with writing, daily | 11.1 | 11.2 | 9.8 | 10.3 | 12.5 | 10.4 |
| TV hours per weekday | ||||||
| Less than 1 h | 22.7 | 23.5 | 20.7 | 15.6 | 14.6 | 16.7 |
| 1 h to under 3 h | 62.4 | 65.7 | 65.4 | 67.3 | 65.8 | 60.1 |
| 3 h or more | 14.9 | 10.8 | 13.9 | 17.0 | 19.5 | 23.3 |
| Computer hours per weekday | ||||||
| Less than 1 h | 69.6 | 68.8 | 66.5 | 62.4 | 56.0 | 56.2 |
| 1 h to under 3 h | 26.9 | 28.5 | 30.1 | 33.2 | 37.3 | 38.4 |
| 3 h or more | 3.5 | 2.7 | 3.4 | 4.4 | 6.7 | 5.4 |
| Parental employment | ||||||
| 2-parent household | ||||||
| Both employed | 47.4 | 57.3 | 56.2 | 56.1 | 45.6 | 47.1 |
| Mother only | 1.2 | 1.9 | 1.7 | 1.5 | 2.7 | 2.2 |
| Father only | 22.6 | 21.4 | 20.5 | 18.0 | 21.5 | 20.4 |
| Neither | 6.8 | 3.7 | 2.7 | 3.2 | 6.2 | 4.7 |
| 1-parent household | ||||||
| Employed | 9.9 | 8.9 | 10.8 | 11.6 | 11.7 | 12.7 |
| Not employed | 12.0 | 6.8 | 8.2 | 9.6 | 12.4 | 13.1 |
| Mother’s view of amount of time with child, not enough | 31.4 | 32.2 | 33.4 | 32.6 | 27.8 | 32.3 |
| Father’s view of amount of time with child, not enough | 59.2 | 62.2 | 57.6 | 58.3 | 45.8 | 49.2 |
| Child attends breakfast club | 10.2 | 9.9 | 11.4 | 12.7 | 11.7 | 10.0 |
| Any other child care | 32.1 | 28.8 | 31.6 | 36.7 | 36.3 | 40.1 |
| Child read to, daily | 49.9 | 55.4 | 49.4 | 42.4 | 33.8 | 36.1 |
| TV time rules | 89.7 | 86.4 | 86.2 | 82.7 | 75.2 | 67.6 |
| Overcrowding | 9.2 | 4.7 | 6.4 | 8.2 | 14.7 | 13.0 |
| Child wets bed | 13.8 | 14.0 | 15.0 | 14.4 | 11.4 | 14.1 |
| Child’s sleep disturbed by wheezing | 7.2 | 6.8 | 7.2 | 6.6 | 7.5 | 9.5 |
| TV in bedroom | 55.0 | 44.6 | 49.3 | 57.6 | 63.8 | 64.2 |