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    March 2018, VOLUME 141 / ISSUE 3

    Table of Contents

    Articles

    • Open Access
      Prevalence of Obesity and Severe Obesity in US Children, 1999–2016
      Asheley Cockrell Skinner, Sophie N. Ravanbakht, Joseph A. Skelton, Eliana M. Perrin, Sarah C. Armstrong
      Pediatrics Mar 2018, 141 (3) e20173459; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2017-3459

      This is a secondary data analysis of a nationally representative sample of US youth in which we report on current obesity prevalence trends through 2016.

      PDF
    • Open Access
      Characteristics of Children 2 to 5 Years of Age With Severe Obesity
      June M. Tester, Thao-Ly T. Phan, Jared M. Tucker, Cindy W. Leung, Meredith L. Dreyer Gillette, Brooke R. Sweeney, Shelley Kirk, Alexis Tindall, Susan E. Olivo-Marston, Ihuoma U. Eneli
      Pediatrics Mar 2018, 141 (3) e20173228; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2017-3228

      In this analysis of nationally representative data, we characterize sociodemographic, dietary intake, and screen time habits of preschool-aged children with SO compared with their peers.

      PDF
    • Open Access
      National and State Trends in Sudden Unexpected Infant Death: 1990–2015
      Alexa B. Erck Lambert, Sharyn E. Parks, Carrie K. Shapiro-Mendoza
      Pediatrics Mar 2018, 141 (3) e20173519; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2017-3519

      This study examines trends in SUID and SUID subtypes nationally and by state from 1990 to 2015.

      PDF
    • Open Access
      Firearm Storage in Homes With Children With Self-Harm Risk Factors
      John Scott, Deborah Azrael, Matthew Miller
      Pediatrics Mar 2018, 141 (3) e20172600; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2017-2600

      In this study, we use 2015 survey data to estimate firearm ownership and storage practices in households containing children with self-harm risk factors versus those without self-harm risk factors.

      PDF
    • Open Access
      Antibiotic Prophylaxis for Children With Sickle Cell Anemia
      Sarah L. Reeves, Alison C. Tribble, Brian Madden, Gary L. Freed, Kevin J. Dombkowski
      Pediatrics Mar 2018, 141 (3) e20172182; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2017-2182

      Are children with SCA adequately protected against IPD?

      PDF
    • Open Access
      Cerebrospinal Fluid Reference Values for Young Infants Undergoing Lumbar Puncture
      Joanna Thomson, Heidi Sucharew, Andrea T. Cruz, Lise E. Nigrovic, Stephen B. Freedman, Aris C. Garro, Fran Balamuth, Rakesh D. Mistry, Joseph L. Arms, Paul T. Ishimine, Dina M. Kulik, Mark I. Neuman, Samir S. Shah, for the Pediatric Emergency Medicine Collaborative Research Committee (PEM CRC) HSV Study Group*
      Pediatrics Mar 2018, 141 (3) e20173405; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2017-3405

      Using a large, multicenter cohort of infants ≤60 days old, we define age-specific CSF parameter reference values.

      PDF
    • Open Access
      Health and Care Utilization of Transgender and Gender Nonconforming Youth: A Population-Based Study
      G. Nicole Rider, Barbara J. McMorris, Amy L. Gower, Eli Coleman, Marla E. Eisenberg
      Pediatrics Mar 2018, 141 (3) e20171683; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2017-1683

      This is the first large, population-based study in which health concerns and care utilization are examined between TGNC versus cisgender adolescents and across gender expressions among TGNC adolescents.

      PDF
    • Open Access
      Inhaled Nitric Oxide in Extremely Premature Neonates With Respiratory Distress Syndrome
      William A. Carey, Amy L. Weaver, Kristin C. Mara, Reese H. Clark
      Pediatrics Mar 2018, 141 (3) e20173108; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2017-3108

      In this retrospective cohort study, we assessed whether prescription of iNO during the first week of life improved survival among extremely premature neonates.

      PDF
    • Open Access
      A Workforce Survey on Developmental-Behavioral Pediatrics
      Carolyn Bridgemohan, Nerissa S. Bauer, Britt A. Nielsen, Anne DeBattista, Holly S. Ruch-Ross, Linda B. Paul, Nancy Roizen
      Pediatrics Mar 2018, 141 (3) e20172164; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2017-2164

      The aging and increasingly female DBP workforce is at risk of burnout because of long wait lists, increased patient complexity, and high levels of nonreimbursed care.

      PDF
    • Open Access
      Cost-Effectiveness of Supplemental Donor Milk Versus Formula for Very Low Birth Weight Infants
      Susan Trang, John A.F. Zupancic, Sharon Unger, Alex Kiss, Nicole Bando, Sabrina Wong, Sharyn Gibbins, Deborah L. O’Connor, on behalf of the GTA DoMINO Feeding Group
      Pediatrics Mar 2018, 141 (3) e20170737; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2017-0737

      In this RCT, cost-effectiveness of supplemental DHM versus PTF for VLBW infants was evaluated from birth to 18 months’ CA from a societal perspective.

      PDF
    • Open Access
      Left Axis Deviation in Children Without Previously Known Heart Disease
      Andrew E. Schneider, Bryan C. Cannon, Jonathan N. Johnson, Michael J. Ackerman, Philip L. Wackel
      Pediatrics Mar 2018, 141 (3) e20171970; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2017-1970

      Children with incidentally discovered electrocardiographic evidence of LAD and key, identifiable risk factors should be screened for the presence of HD.

      PDF
    • Open Access
      Epilepsy in Children After Pandemic Influenza Vaccination
      Siri E. Håberg, Kari M. Aaberg, Pål Surén, Lill Trogstad, Sara Ghaderi, Camilla Stoltenberg, Per Magnus, Inger Johanne Bakken
      Pediatrics Mar 2018, 141 (3) e20170752; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2017-0752

      Through linkage of Norwegian registries, this study investigated the risk of epilepsy in children in a period of up to 5 years after pandemic influenza vaccination.

      PDF
    • Open Access
      Nutrient Intake in the First Two Weeks of Life and Brain Growth in Preterm Neonates
      Juliane Schneider, Céline J. Fischer Fumeaux, Emma G. Duerden, Ting Guo, Justin Foong, Myriam Bickle Graz, Patric Hagmann, M. Mallar Chakravarty, Petra S. Hüppi, Lydie Beauport, Anita C. Truttmann, Steven P. Miller
      Pediatrics Mar 2018, 141 (3) e20172169; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2017-2169

      In this preterm cohort study, we investigate the relationship between early macronutrient intake and brain macro- and microstructural growth, the influence of neonatal morbidity, and subsequent neurodevelopment.

      PDF
    • Open Access
      Variation in Anthropometric Status and Growth Failure in Low- and Middle-Income Countries
      Iván Mejía-Guevara, Daniel J. Corsi, Jessica M. Perkins, Rockli Kim, S.V. Subramanian
      Pediatrics Mar 2018, 141 (3) e20172183; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2017-2183

      This is a global study designed to help understand differences in the distribution of child anthropometric status and growth failure Wpop and Bpop.

      PDF
    • Open Access
      Disparities in Outcomes and Resource Use After Hospitalization for Cardiac Surgery by Neighborhood Income
      Brett R. Anderson, Evan S. Fieldston, Jane W. Newburger, Emile A. Bacha, Sherry A. Glied
      Pediatrics Mar 2018, 141 (3) e20172432; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2017-2432

      Linking administrative and US Census Bureau data, we examined associations between community-level income, mortality, length of stay, and costs for a resource-intensive cohort and general pediatric population.

      PDF
    • Open Access
      Infant Hospitalizations and Mortality After Maternal Vaccination
      Lakshmi Sukumaran, Natalie L. McCarthy, Elyse O. Kharbanda, Gabriela Vazquez-Benitez, Heather S. Lipkind, Lisa Jackson, Nicola P. Klein, Allison L. Naleway, David L. McClure, Rulin C. Hechter, Alison T. Kawai, Jason M. Glanz, Eric S. Weintraub
      Pediatrics Mar 2018, 141 (3) e20173310; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2017-3310

      Using the VSD, we conducted a case-control study to evaluate the safety of maternal influenza and Tdap vaccination in infants 0 to 6 months old.

      PDF
    • Open Access
      Child Health Outcomes After Presumptive Infection Treatment in Pregnant Women: A Randomized Trial
      Lotta Hallamaa, Yin Bun Cheung, Kenneth Maleta, Mari Luntamo, Ulla Ashorn, Melissa Gladstone, Teija Kulmala, Charles Mangani, Per Ashorn
      Pediatrics Mar 2018, 141 (3) e20172459; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2017-2459

      The reduced prevalence of neonatal stunting of children whose mothers received presumptive infection treatment during pregnancy is sustained and reflected in childhood growth and development.

      PDF

    Commentaries

    • Open Access
      Epidemic Childhood Obesity: Not Yet the End of the Beginning
      David S. Ludwig
      Pediatrics Mar 2018, 141 (3) e20174078; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2017-4078
      PDF
    • Open Access
      Learning From National and State Trends in Sudden Unexpected Infant Death
      Rebecca Carlin, Rachel Y. Moon
      Pediatrics Mar 2018, 141 (3) e20174083; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2017-4083
      PDF
    • Open Access
      Reducing Youth Firearm Suicide Risk: Evidence for Opportunities
      David C. Grossman
      Pediatrics Mar 2018, 141 (3) e20173884; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2017-3884
      PDF
    • Open Access
      Health Disparities Facing Transgender and Gender Nonconforming Youth Are Not Inevitable
      Daniel Shumer
      Pediatrics Mar 2018, 141 (3) e20174079; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2017-4079
      PDF
    • Open Access
      Inhaled Nitric Oxide for Preterm Infants: What Can Change Our Practice?
      Roger F. Soll
      Pediatrics Mar 2018, 141 (3) e20174214; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2017-4214
      PDF
    • Open Access
      Revisiting the Viability of the Developmental-Behavioral Health Care Workforce
      Laurel K. Leslie, Rebecca Baum, Adam Turner
      Pediatrics Mar 2018, 141 (3) e20174132; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2017-4132
      PDF
    • Open Access
      Carrying Forward a Legacy: A Tribute to Jerold F. Lucey, MD, Pediatrics Editor-in-Chief (1974–2008)
      Lewis R. First, Alex R. Kemper
      Pediatrics Mar 2018, 141 (3) e20174216; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2017-4216
      PDF

    From the American Academy of Pediatrics

    • Open Access
      Pediatric Medication Safety in the Emergency Department
      Lee Benjamin, Karen Frush, Kathy Shaw, Joan E. Shook, Sally K. Snow, AMERICAN ACADEMY OF PEDIATRICS Committee on Pediatric Emergency Medicine, AMERICAN COLLEGE OF EMERGENCY PHYSICIANS Pediatric Emergency Medicine Committee, EMERGENCY NURSES ASSOCIATION Pediatric Emergency Medicine Committee
      Pediatrics Mar 2018, 141 (3) e20174066; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2017-4066
      PDF
    • Open Access
      Recommended Childhood and Adolescent Immunization Schedules: United States, 2018
      COMMITTEE ON INFECTIOUS DISEASES
      Pediatrics Mar 2018, 141 (3) e20180083; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2018-0083
      PDF
    • Open Access
      AAP Publication Reaffirmed
      Pediatrics Mar 2018, 141 (3) e20174173; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2017-4173
      PDF
    • Open Access
      Guidelines for Adolescent Depression in Primary Care (GLAD-PC): Part I. Practice Preparation, Identification, Assessment, and Initial Management
      Rachel A. Zuckerbrot, Amy Cheung, Peter S. Jensen, Ruth E.K. Stein, Danielle Laraque, GLAD-PC STEERING GROUP
      Pediatrics Mar 2018, 141 (3) e20174081; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2017-4081
      PDF
    • Open Access
      Guidelines for Adolescent Depression in Primary Care (GLAD-PC): Part II. Treatment and Ongoing Management
      Amy H. Cheung, Rachel A. Zuckerbrot, Peter S. Jensen, Danielle Laraque, Ruth E.K. Stein, GLAD-PC STEERING GROUP
      Pediatrics Mar 2018, 141 (3) e20174082; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2017-4082
      PDF

    Pediatrics Perspectives

    • Open Access
      Seeking Professional Resilience
      Abby R. Rosenberg
      Pediatrics Mar 2018, 141 (3) e20172388; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2017-2388
      PDF
    • Open Access
      Television Format and Children’s Executive Function
      Damian Scarf, Ashley E. Hinten
      Pediatrics Mar 2018, 141 (3) e20172674; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2017-2674
      PDF

    Family Partnerships

    • Open Access
      Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome: Partnership in the Diagnostic Journey of a Rare Disorder
      Alisha S. Davlin, Catherine M. Clarkin, Jennifer M. Kalish
      Pediatrics Mar 2018, 141 (3) e20170475; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2017-0475
      PDF

    Monthly Feature

    • Open Access
      Failure Is an Option: Using Errors as Teaching Opportunities
      Jimmy B. Beck, Caitlin McGrath, Kristina Toncray, Sahar N. Rooholamini
      Pediatrics Mar 2018, 141 (3) e20174222; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2017-4222
      PDF

    Review Article

    • Open Access
      Families’ Experiences With Pediatric Family-Centered Rounds: A Systematic Review
      Kelly E. Rea, Priyanka Rao, Elizabeth Hill, Kate M. Saylor, Melissa K. Cousino
      Pediatrics Mar 2018, 141 (3) e20171883; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2017-1883

      In this systematic literature review, we found multiple benefits to families’ participation in rounds, although there were important gaps in the literature to address.

      PDF

    State-of-the-Art Review Article

    • Open Access
      The Current Pediatric Telehealth Landscape
      Christina A. Olson, S. David McSwain, Alison L. Curfman, John Chuo
      Pediatrics Mar 2018, 141 (3) e20172334; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2017-2334

      Telehealth is rapidly changing but within the reach of all pediatricians. In this article, we provide guidance and information about current pediatric telehealth programs to aid clinicians.

      PDF

    Special Articles

    • Open Access
      Strengthening the Connection of Medical Education to the Vision of Improving Child Health
      Carol Carraccio
      Pediatrics Mar 2018, 141 (3) e20173427; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2017-3427

      This is the text version of Dr Carol Caraccio’s acceptance speech upon receiving the 2017 Joseph W. St. Geme, Jr, Leadership Award.

      PDF
    • Open Access
      Structure and Functions of Pediatric Aerodigestive Programs: A Consensus Statement
      R. Paul Boesch, Karthik Balakrishnan, Sari Acra, Dan T. Benscoter, Shelagh A. Cofer, Joseph M. Collaco, John P. Dahl, Cori L. Daines, Alessandro DeAlarcon, Emily M. DeBoer, Robin R. Deterding, Joel A. Friedlander, Benjamin D. Gold, Rayna M. Grothe, Catherine K. Hart, Mikhail Kazachkov, Maureen A. Lefton-Greif, Claire Kane Miller, Paul E. Moore, Scott Pentiuk, Stacey Peterson-Carmichael, Joseph Piccione, Jeremy D. Prager, Philip E. Putnam, Rachel Rosen, Michael J. Rutter, Matthew J. Ryan, Margaret L. Skinner, Cherie Torres-Silva, Christopher T. Wootten, Karen B. Zur, Robin T. Cotton, Robert E. Wood
      Pediatrics Mar 2018, 141 (3) e20171701; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2017-1701

      We present a multi-disciplinary consensus definition of the aerodigestive care model with specific recommendations regarding associated personnel, infrastructure, research, and outcome measures.

      PDF

    Ethics Rounds

    • Open Access
      Parents Refusing Dialysis for a 3-Month-Old With Renal Failure
      Laurel Willig, Erin Paquette, D. Micah Hester, Bradley A. Warady, John D. Lantos
      Pediatrics Mar 2018, 141 (3) e20172096; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2017-2096

      A 3-month-old has renal failure secondary to PUVs. Parents refuse dialysis. What should the doctors do?

      PDF

    Quality Reports

    • Open Access
      Neonatal Jaundice: Improved Quality and Cost Savings After Implementation of a Standard Pathway
      Holly M. Romero, Coral Ringer, Michael G. Leu, Elaine Beardsley, Karen Kelly, Megan D. Fesinmeyer, Wren L. Haaland, James B. Johnson, Darren Migita
      Pediatrics Mar 2018, 141 (3) e20161472; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2016-1472
      PDF
    • Open Access
      A Quality-Improvement Initiative to Reduce NICU Transfers for Neonates at Risk for Hypoglycemia
      Sherry LeBlanc, Jamie Haushalter, Carl Seashore, Karen S. Wood, Michael J. Steiner, Ashley G. Sutton
      Pediatrics Mar 2018, 141 (3) e20171143; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2017-1143

      This is a quality-improvement project that decreased hypoglycemia and NICU transfers by using early SSC placement and early feeding for at-risk infants.

      PDF
    • Open Access
      Quality-Improvement Effort to Reduce Hypothermia Among High-Risk Infants on a Mother-Infant Unit
      Christine Andrews, Colleen Whatley, Meaghan Smith, Emily Caron Brayton, Suzanne Simone, Alison Volpe Holmes
      Pediatrics Mar 2018, 141 (3) e20171214; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2017-1214

      Targeted interventions significantly reduce hypothermia in otherwise healthy LBW infants and LPIs in a mother-infant unit.

      PDF

    Diagnostic Dilemmas

    • Open Access
      Well-Appearing Newborn With a Vesiculobullous Rash at Birth
      Sarah E. Stewart, Jody L. Lin, Jennifer L. Everhart, Trung H. Pham, Ann L. Marqueling, Kerri E. Rieger, Sarah L. Hilgenberg
      Pediatrics Mar 2018, 141 (3) e20170236; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2017-0236

      This diagnostic dilemma guides readers through the workup and management of an otherwise healthy infant born with an erythematous, vesiculobullous rash.

      PDF

    Case Reports

    • Open Access
      Airway Autoimmune Inflammatory Response (AAIR) Syndrome: An Asthma-Autoimmune Overlap Disorder?
      Chantal Y. Spencer, Jennifer Millman, Keila Veiga, Alfin G. Vicencio
      Pediatrics Mar 2018, 141 (3) e20170138; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2017-0138

      We describe a novel disorder with overlapping asthma and autoimmune features, and we propose diagnostic and treatment strategies.

      PDF
    • Open Access
      Angiomatoid Fibrous Histiocytoma With Paraneoplastic Platelet Storage Pool Deficiency
      Lerraughn M. Morgan, Emily R. Miller, Ashok B. Raj, Susan C. Coventry, Jennifer D. Elster
      Pediatrics Mar 2018, 141 (3) e20162065; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2016-2065

      AFH and paraneoplastic effect are shown to manifest as a platelet storage pool deficiency.

      PDF
    • Open Access
      When Lightning Strikes Twice in Pediatrics: Case Report and Review of Recurrent Myocarditis
      Alisha Floyd, Ashwin Lal, Kimberly Molina, Michael Puchalski, Dylan Miller, Lindsay May
      Pediatrics Mar 2018, 141 (3) e20164096; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2016-4096

      In this article we highlight a unique, illustrative pediatric case of recurrent myocarditis and review the existing literature on the topic.

      PDF

    Errata

    • Open Access
      Tikanmäki et al. Physical Fitness in Young Adults Born Preterm. Pediatrics. 2016;137(1):e20151289
      Pediatrics Mar 2018, 141 (3) e20173993; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2017-3993
      PDF
    • Open Access
      Kaur R, Morris M, Pichichero ME. Epidemiology of Acute Otitis Media in the Postpneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Era. Pediatrics. 2017;140(3):e20170101
      Pediatrics Mar 2018, 141 (3) e20174067; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2017-4067
      PDF

    Letters to the Editor

    • Open Access
      RE: Global Initiatives for Early Childhood Development Should Be Disability Inclusive
      Bolajoko O. Olusanya, Vibha Krishnamurthy, Donald Wertlieb
      Pediatrics Mar 2018, 141 (3) e20174055; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2017-4055
      PDF

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