See the Pediatrics 
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December 2017, VOLUME 140 / ISSUE 6
Table of Contents
Articles
- Weapon Carrying Among Victims of Bullying
In this study of a nationally representative sample of high school students, we investigate the risks of weapon carrying by victims of bullying who have additional indicators of peer aggression.
- Prevalence and Attitudes Regarding Marijuana Use Among Adolescents Over the Past Decade
Today, adolescent marijuana prevalence would be at record highs if adolescent use of cigarettes had not declined over the past decade.
- Physical and Sexual Dating Violence and Nonmedical Use of Prescription Drugs
NMUPD is associated with experiences of DVV among a nationally representative sample of male and female high school students.
- Epidemiology of Pediatric Zika Virus Infections
In 2016, local transmission of ZIKV was identified in Miami-Dade County, Florida. In this report, we describe the epidemiology of pediatric ZIKV infections.
- Spillover Effects of Adult Medicaid Expansions on Children’s Use of Preventive Services
We assess whether parental enrollment in Medicaid is associated with children’s receipt of preventive care by using a quasi-experimental approach.
- Trends in Intravenous Antibiotic Duration for Urinary Tract Infections in Young Infants
The proportion of infants ≤60 days old receiving long-duration IV antibiotics for UTIs has decreased between 2005 and 2015 and varies by children’s hospital.
- Eating Disorders, Autoimmune, and Autoinflammatory Disease
Exploration of the association between eating disorders and autoimmune and autoinflammatory disease in the Danish population.
- Trends in Hearing Loss Among Adolescents
When more recent NHANES data are included, there is no consistent evidence that adolescent hearing loss is increasing in the United States.
- Survival in Very Preterm Infants: An International Comparison of 10 National Neonatal Networks
In this article, we compare the survival of very preterm infants in 10 national neonatal networks, showing marked differences in survival and age at death.
- Practice Variation in Acute Bronchiolitis: A Pediatric Emergency Research Networks Study
This global bronchiolitis study illustrates frequent lack of use and large variation in administration of EBSTs in infants hospitalized from EDs.
- Web-based Social Media Intervention to Increase Vaccine Acceptance: A Randomized Controlled Trial
In this RCT, we compare vaccination outcomes in infants of pregnant women exposed to either a VSM intervention, a VI Web site, or UC.
- Trends of Out-of-Hospital Sudden Cardiac Death Among Children and Young Adults
By using death certificate reports from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Wide-ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research database, we examine in this article age and racial and ethnic trends of sudden cardiac death in children and young adults.
- Computer-Aided Recognition of Facial Attributes for Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders
In this study, we find improved efficiency and diagnostic accuracy in computer-assisted analysis of patients affected by FASDs, particularly ARND.
- Laboratory Screening for Children Entering Foster Care
In this study, we evaluated the clinical utility of routine laboratory screening for children entering foster care.
- Generalizability of Clinical Trial Results for Adolescent Major Depressive Disorder
Are samples of clinical trials of pharmacological and psychotherapy interventions for adolescent depression representative of the population of adolescents with depression?
- 4-Valent Human Papillomavirus (4vHPV) Vaccine in Preadolescents and Adolescents After 10 Years
This report summarizes the immunogenicity, effectiveness, and safety of the 4vHPV vaccine in adolescent and preadolescent subjects after 10 years.
- Effectiveness of a Comprehensive Case Management Service for Children With Medical Complexity
A randomized trial assessed the impact of CCMS on health care quality, functional status, usage, and costs for CMC.
- Combination Analgesia for Neonatal Circumcision: A Randomized Controlled Trial
This study is a randomized controlled trial of 3 combination analgesics versus EMLA cream alone, conducted to reach a best practice consensus on analgesia during neonatal circumcision.
- Weighing the Social and Ethical Considerations of Maternal-Fetal Surgery
In this study, we describe how physicians weigh the importance of social and ethical considerations relevant to maternal-fetal surgery.
- Obesogenic Behavior and Weight-Based Stigma in Popular Children’s Movies, 2012 to 2015
Through examination of recent top-grossing G- and PG-rated movies, this study captures the prevalence of content portraying obesity and weight-based stigma in popular children’s movies.
- Counseling on Sun Protection and Indoor Tanning
In this national study, we examined AAP members’ experiences and attitudes regarding counseling on skin cancer prevention in 2015 compared with their experiences and attitudes in 2002.
- Effectiveness of a Kindergarten-Based Intervention for Preventing Childhood Obesity
We have demonstrated the feasibility of implementing a multifaceted, culturally appropriate preschool-based obesity intervention program in Guangzhou, China.
- Perinatal Outcomes After Treatment With ADHD Medication During Pregnancy
Through analyses of Swedish national health and quality registers, we provide data on birth and neonatal outcomes after exposure to ADHD medication in utero.
- Accuracy of Clinician Suspicion of Lyme Disease in the Emergency Department
In our multicenter prospective cohort of children being evaluated for Lyme disease, clinician suspicion provided only minimal discriminative ability, highlighting the need for confirmatory testing.
- Hand and Wrist Injuries Among US High School Athletes: 2005/06–2015/16
Through retrospective data review, the authors of this study explore the epidemiology of hand/wrist injuries in high school athletes, identifying injury trends and areas for injury prevention efforts.
- Childhood Sports Participation and Adolescent Sport Profile
With this 5-year study of 756 children, we suggest that compared with specializing in 1 sport, sports sampling during childhood may help sustain PA in adolescence.
- Urinary Neutrophil Gelatinase–Associated Lipocalin for the Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Infections
The urinary biomarker uNGAL displayed substantial accuracy to diagnose UTIs in febrile infants and young children when compared with standard UA.
- Effect of FDA Investigation on Opioid Prescribing to Children After Tonsillectomy/Adenoidectomy
The 2012–2013 FDA safety investigation into codeine use by children after tonsillectomy and/or adenoidectomy was associated with substantial but incomplete decreases in codeine prescribing.
- Momentary Parental Stress and Food-Related Parenting Practices
In this EMA study, we examined the association between momentary factors such as parental stress and depressed mood and food-related parenting practices.
- State Variations in Infant Feeding Regulations for Child Care
State regulations have the potential to improve child health. We conducted a state-by-state review to document regulations supporting appropriate infant feeding in child care.
- Infant Neuromotor Development and Childhood Problem Behavior
With this prospective population-based study, we showed that infant neuromotor development, including muscle tone and senses, predicted internalizing problems but not externalizing problems through age 10 years.
- Presentation and Diagnosis of Tuberous Sclerosis Complex in Infants
Infants with TSC can often be identified before neurologic symptoms present, allowing for improved surveillance and the possibility of disease-modifying treatment.
- Oropharyngeal Dysphagia and Cerebral Palsy
We describe the reducing prevalence and severity of OPD during the preschool years in children with CP.
- Mortality in Infants Affected by Preterm Birth and Severe Small-for-Gestational Age Birth Weight
Neonatal mortality was 100 times higher among infants born preterm with severe SGA than among those born at term with a birth weight greater than the fifth percentile.
- Readmission After Pediatric Mental Health Admissions
Using national all-payer claims data, we analyzed the prevalence, cost, and variability of MH readmissions at >1800 acute-care hospitals.
- Growth Tracking in Severely Obese or Underweight Children
This study examines the utility of various growth charts, including a new modified CDC BMI z score chart, in tracking children with normal and problematic growth.
From the American Academy of Pediatrics
Pediatrics Perspectives
Monthly Feature
Review Articles
- Urinary Tract Infection Antibiotic Trial Study Design: A Systematic Review
A wide variability of inclusion criteria and timing for end point assessment was observed in pediatric febrile UTI CTs. Harmonized pediatric guidance appears required.
- Primary Care Interventions for Early Childhood Development: A Systematic Review
An updated review of primary care–based interventions designed to promote the optimal development of children from birth to 3 years of age.
- Academic Achievement and Physical Activity: A Meta-analysis
Through systematic review, in this study, we state that PA, especially curricular PE programs, benefits several aspects of academic achievement and classroom behaviors in youth.
- Refusal of Treatment of Childhood Cancer: A Systematic Review
This systematic review illuminates the profound mismatch between the scholarly attention paid to treatment refusal for childhood cancer and what is known about refusal.
- Diagnostic Accuracy of Neonatal Assessment for Gestational Age Determination: A Systematic Review
This systematic review and meta-analysis summarizes evidence on the diagnostic accuracy of neonatal clinical assessment for gestational age determination, with a focus on LMIC.
State-of-the-Art Review Article
- Bone Age: A Handy Tool for Pediatric Providers
Determining skeletal maturation may help direct diagnostic testing, but current methods are derived from primarily white populations and are not necessarily generalizable to other ethnicities.
Ethics Rounds
- Ethics Rounds: Death After Pediatric Dental Anesthesia: An Avoidable Tragedy?
How should we respond (clinically and through public policy) to the problem of childhood deaths after anesthesia for dental procedures?
Quality Reports
- Mental Health Screening Quality Improvement Learning Collaborative in Pediatric Primary Care
This article describes the results of a QI Learning Collaborative designed to improve rates of mental health screening in pediatric practice.
- Implementation of a Guideline to Decrease Use of Acid-Suppressing Medications in the NICU
Implementation of an evidence-based guideline for use of acid-suppressing medications resulted in significantly fewer prescriptions among infants <1 month corrected age in the NICU.
Case Reports
- Two-Year Neurodevelopmental Outcome of an Infant Born at 21 Weeks’ 4 Days’ Gestation
This report discusses the outcome of an infant resuscitated at 21 weeks’ 4 days’ gestation and the approach to the ethics of this situation.
- Capsaicin Cream for Treatment of Cannabinoid Hyperemesis Syndrome in Adolescents: A Case Series
Capsaicin cream can be an effective therapeutic treatment and a diagnostic intervention for CHS.
- Diagnosing Infection in a Neonate Using Whole-Body Screening Magnetic Resonance Imaging
This case report describes the use of whole-body screening MRI as a method to detect invasive infection in an infant.
- Successful Reversal of Furosemide-Induced Secondary Hyperparathyroidism With Cinacalcet
Furosemide-induced SHPT is a rare complication of diuretic therapy. Cinacalcet was used successfully when traditional therapy with furosemide discontinuation, calcium, and calcitriol failed.
Commentaries