New! Video Abstracts -- brief videos summarizing key findings of new articles
November 2017, VOLUME 140 / ISSUE 5
Table of Contents
Articles
- Prenatal Exposure to Acetaminophen and Risk of ADHD
We identify a strong association between long-term acetaminophen use and offspring ADHD that is not explained by indications of use or familial ADHD.
- Socioeconomic Background and Commercial Health Plan Spending
Including socioeconomic information in risk-adjustment algorithms may direct funds away from providers caring for lower socioeconomic populations.
- Immunization, Antibiotic Use, and Pneumococcal Colonization Over a 15-Year Period
Immunization status and recent antibiotic use may influence individual risk for serotype-specific pneumococcal colonization.
- Identification of Extremely Premature Infants at Low Risk for Early-Onset Sepsis
Delivery characteristics of infants born at 22 to 28 weeks’ gestation can be used to identify those with significantly lower risk of EOS.
- Adverse Childhood Experiences Among Hispanic Children in Immigrant Families Versus US-Native Families
Despite greater exposure to poverty (a known ACE risk factor), Hispanic children in immigrant families have lower prevalence of ACEs than US-native children.
- Beliefs Regarding Development and Early Intervention Among Low-Income African American and Hispanic Mothers
Through semistructured interviews, the authors of this study seek to understand the role of maternal health beliefs in shaping decisions regarding help-seeking for children with DD.
- Co-occurrence of Type 1 Diabetes and Celiac Disease Autoimmunity
T1D and CD autoimmunities both appear in early childhood. This large birth cohort follows their onset, relative timing, and factors contributing to overlap.
- Intelligence and Academic Achievement With Asymptomatic Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection
Intelligence, language, and academic achievement in children with asymptomatic congenital CMV infection identified through hospital-based newborn screening managed through 18 years of age.
- Preventive Care Use Among Justice-Involved and Non–Justice-Involved Youth
Eight years of administrative health and criminal records of publicly insured adolescents provide an unprecedented look at preventive care use by juvenile justice system involvement.
- Emergency Department and Hospital Use Among Adolescents With Justice System Involvement
In this study, we used nationally representative data to examine rates of acute health care use among adolescents with justice system involvement compared to the general adolescent population.
- Congenital Heart Surgery on In-Hospital Mortality in Trisomy 13 and 18
In this large, multicentered, database-derived study, CHS is associated with a significant decrease in in-hospital mortality in infants with T13 and T18.
- Cost-Effectiveness of a Clinical Childhood Obesity Intervention
By using a microsimulation model, we examined the cost-effectiveness and population impact of implementing an electronic decision-support intervention for childhood obesity in primary care.
- The Effect of Reduction Mammaplasty on Quality of Life in Adolescents With Macromastia
By using validated surveys, this study prospectively evaluates the long-term physical and psychosocial effects of breast reduction in an adolescent population.
- International Variation in Asthma and Bronchiolitis Guidelines
Clinical practice guidelines are used to influence a provider's care of a patient. This article explores the differences in international guidelines for asthma and bronchiolitis.
- Oral Analgesics Utilization for Children With Musculoskeletal Injury (OUCH Trial): An RCT
This trial aimed to improve pain management for children with an MSK-I by studying the efficacy and safety of oral opioid and nonopioid medications.
- Changes in Influenza Vaccination Rates After Withdrawal of Live Vaccine
Effects of the US withdrawal of the recommendation for use of LAIVs were assessed in a matched cohort of Oregon children.
- Intravenous Zanamivir in Hospitalized Patients With Influenza
This open-label study of IV zanamivir (an NA inhibitor for treatment of severe influenza in hospitalized children) suggests a positive risk/benefit profile.
- Social Intuition and Social Information in Physical Child Abuse Evaluation and Diagnosis
In this prospective study, we explore the role of social intuition and social information in the evaluation and diagnosis of physical child abuse.
- False-Positive Newborn Screening for Cystic Fibrosis and Health Care Use
One year after birth, infants with FP newborn screening results experience more hospital admissions than controls. Their mothers do not experience increased health care use.
- Drinking Water to Prevent Postvaccination Presyncope in Adolescents: A Randomized Trial
This trial evaluates whether giving water to drink before vaccination decreases the risk of postvaccination presyncope and describes factors associated with postvaccination presyncope.
- Neurodevelopment at Age 10 Years of Children Born <28 Weeks With Fetal Growth Restriction
Among children born extremely preterm, those with severe FGR appear to be at increased risk of multiple cognitive and behavioral deficits at age 10 years.
- One-Year Language Outcomes in Toddlers With Language Delays: An RCT Follow-up
This follow-up of a randomized trial of toddlers with language delays demonstrates a need to intervene early in children with receptive and expressive language delays.
- Growth and Final Height Among Children With Phenylketonuria
This article describes growth data of a large cohort of patients with PKU, including height development, growth rate, and comparisons of individual expected height with measured final height.
From the American Academy of Pediatrics
Pediatrics Perspectives
Family Partnerships
Monthly Feature
Review Articles
- Medical Cannabinoids in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review
This is a systematic review of published reports to identify the evidence base of cannabinoids as a medical treatment in children and adolescents.
- Duration of Breastfeeding and Risk of SIDS: An Individual Participant Data Meta-analysis
This study used individual-level data from international studies to assess the associations between duration of any breastfeeding versus exclusive breastfeeding and SIDS.
State-of-the-Art Review Article
- Global Health: Preparation for Working in Resource-Limited Settings
In this article, the authors outline the scope of provider involvement in GH, highlight specific considerations and issues, and summarize preparation recommendations from the literature.
Ethics Rounds
- Cross-Cultural Differences in Communication About a Dying Child
Doctors face a dilemma when the father of a dying child asks them not to disclose the diagnosis or prognosis to the mother.
Quality Report
- TodaysBaby Quality Improvement: Safe Sleep Teaching and Role Modeling in 8 US Maternity Units
A multicenter safe sleep QI campaign in 8 US maternity units to teach and role model safe sleep practices during the newborn hospital stay.
- Reducing Time to Antibiotics in Children With Intestinal Failure, Central Venous Line, and Fever
QI methodology was used in an ED to reduce time to antibiotics in a high-risk population with IF.
Diagnostic Dilemmas
- A 3-Month-Old With Failure to Thrive and Persistent Vomiting
A 3-month-old boy presented with failure to thrive and vomiting and was diagnosed with a well-known condition that is rare in young infants.
- A Newborn With Abdominal Pain
This multidisciplinary dialogue of a case of abdominal pain in a neonate reveals an unusual and potentially life threatening diagnosis.
Case Reports
- Sudden Death After Febrile Seizure Case Report: Cerebral Suppression Precedes Severe Bradycardia
A 20-month-old girl with febrile seizures died suddenly during an EEG. Advanced data analysis suggests that diffuse cerebral suppression preceded a dramatic increase in parasympathetic tone before death.
- Inherited IL-12Rβ1 Deficiency in a Child With BCG Adenitis and Oral Candidiasis: A Case Report
This is the first case report of a patient with BCG-itis and recurrent oral candidiasis with IL-12Rβ1 deficiency.
- Immunoadsorption in Anti-GBM Glomerulonephritis: Case Report in a Child and Literature Review
We report herein good and sustainable results of immunoadsorption in Goodpasture syndrome in a child and review the other 27 published pediatric cases.
- Tocilizumab for the Treatment of SLC29A3 Mutation Positive PHID Syndrome
Tocilizumab profoundly improved the inflammatory features of PHID and thus may be beneficial for PHID-associated autoinflammation.
Commentaries