TABLE 2 Baseline Participant Characteristics
| Characteristics |
Participants, n (%)a
|
Pb |
| Intervention (n = 195) |
Control (n = 176) |
Total Population (N = 371) |
|
| Age, y |
|
|
|
|
| 13–14 |
71 (36.4) |
60 (34.1) |
131 (35.3) |
|
| 15–16 |
56 (28.7) |
58 (32.9) |
114 (30.7) |
.34 |
| 17–18 |
47 (24.1) |
32 (18.2) |
79 (21.3) |
|
| 19–29 |
21 (10.8) |
26 (14.8) |
47 (12.7) |
|
| Gender |
|
|
|
|
| Male |
132 (67.7) |
119 (67.6) |
251 (67.7) |
.99 |
| Female |
63 (32.3) |
57 (32.4) |
120 (32.3) |
|
| Race/ethnicity |
|
|
|
|
| White |
109 (55.9) |
101 (57.4) |
210 (56.6) |
|
| Hispanic |
42 (21.5) |
34 (19.3) |
76 (20.5) |
|
| Black/African American |
19 (9.7) |
15 (8.5) |
34 (9.2) |
|
| Mixed |
9 (4.6) |
6 (3.4) |
15 (4.0) |
|
| Asian |
4 (2.1) |
6 (3.4) |
10 (2.7) |
.40 |
| Native American |
2 (1.0) |
1 (0.6) |
3 (0.8) |
|
| Pacific Islander |
0 (0.0) |
3 (1.7) |
3 (0.8) |
|
| Decline to answer |
6 (3.1) |
2 (1.1) |
8 (2.2) |
|
| Missing |
4 (2.1) |
8 (4.5) |
12 (3.2) |
|
| Education |
|
|
|
|
| Less than high school |
76 (39.0) |
57 (32.4) |
133 (35.8) |
|
| High school |
81 (41.5) |
77 (43.8) |
158 (42.6) |
.39 |
| Some college or more |
33 (16.9) |
33 (18.8) |
66 (17.8) |
|
| Not stated |
5 (2.6) |
9 (5.1) |
14 (3.8) |
|
| Annual family income, $c |
|
|
|
|
| <10 000 |
11 (5.6) |
17 (9.7) |
28 (7.6) |
|
| 10 000–19 999 |
21 (10.8) |
18 (10.2) |
39 (10.5) |
|
| 20 000–39 999 |
35 (17.9) |
24 (13.6) |
59 (15.9) |
|
| 40 000–59 999 |
29 (14.9) |
20 (11.4) |
49 (13.2) |
.29 |
| 60 000–79 999 |
15 (7.7) |
22 (12.5) |
37 (9.9) |
|
| 80 000–99 999 |
16 (8.2) |
8 (4.6) |
24 (6.5) |
|
 100 000 |
22 (11.3) |
18 (10.2) |
40 (10.8) |
|
| Declined to answer |
46 (23.6) |
48 (27.3) |
94 (25.3) |
|
| Don't know |
0 (0.0) |
1 (0.6) |
1 (0.3) |
|
| Country of residence |
|
|
|
|
| United States |
157 (80.5) |
146 (83.0) |
303 (81.7) |
|
| Canada |
31 (15.9) |
27 (15.3) |
58 (15.6) |
.52 |
| Australia |
7 (3.6) |
3 (1.7) |
10 (2.7) |
|
| Malignancy diagnosis |
|
|
|
|
| Acute lymphoblastic leukemia |
76 (38.9) |
74 (42.1) |
150 (40.4) |
|
| Acute myelogenous leukemia |
15 (7.7) |
15 (8.5) |
30 (8.1) |
|
| Hodgkin's lymphoma |
19 (9.7) |
16 (9.1) |
35 (9.4) |
|
| Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma |
17 (8.7) |
9 (5.1) |
26 (7.0) |
.91 |
| Brain tumor |
14 (7.2) |
14 (7.9) |
28 (7.6) |
|
| Osteosarcoma |
24 (12.3) |
18 (10.2) |
42 (11.3) |
|
| Ewing sarcoma |
9 (4.6) |
10 (5.7) |
19 (5.1) |
|
| Other |
21 (10.8) |
20 (11.4) |
41 (11.1) |
|
| Previous disease (relapse/recurrence) |
|
|
|
|
| 0 |
152 (77.9) |
136 (77.3) |
288 (77.6) |
|
| 1 |
27 (13.9) |
30 (17.1) |
57 (15.4) |
|
| 2 |
10 (5.1) |
8 (4.6) |
18 (4.9) |
.66 |
| 3 |
4 (2.1) |
1 (0.6) |
5 (1.4) |
|
| 4 |
2 (1.0) |
1 (0.6) |
3 (0.8) |
|
| Time since diagnosis for the group without relapse (n = 288) |
|
|
|
|
| Median (range), y |
0.72 (0.01–15.10) |
0.65 (0.01–12.30) |
0.69 (0.01–15.14) |
|
| Mean (SD), y |
1.53 (2.3) |
1.67 (2.5) |
1.59 (2.4) |
.56 |
| Time since most recent relapse/recurrence (n = 83) |
|
|
|
|
| Median (range), y |
0.50 (0.01–7.50) |
0.45 (0.01–11.80) |
0.48 (0.01–11.80) |
|
| Mean (SD), y |
0.79 (0.93) |
0.84 (1.40) |
0.82 (1.20) |
.67 |
| Video-game play history before malignancy diagnosis, h/wk |
|
|
|
|
| No game play |
26 (13.3) |
22 (12.5) |
48 (12.9) |
|
| <1 |
39 (20.0) |
35 (19.9) |
74 (20.0) |
|
| 1–3 |
58 (29.7) |
49 (27.8) |
107 (28.8) |
.86 |
| 3–8 |
36 (18.5) |
35 (19.9) |
71 (19.1) |
|
| 8 |
31 (15.9) |
26 (14.8) |
57 (15.4) |
|
| Missing |
5 (2.6) |
9 (5.1) |
14 (3.8) |
|
|
a Percentages may not sum to 100% because of rounding.
b Test of association from 
2 test (categorical variables), excluding categories of missing values, or independent t test of log-transformed values (continuous variables).
c In US dollars.
