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PEDIATRICS Vol. 113 No. 1 January 2004, pp. 155-168

ENDORSED POLICY STATEMENT

Response to Cardiac Arrest and Selected Life-Threatening Medical Emergencies: The Medical Emergency Response Plan for Schools. A Statement for Healthcare Providers, Policymakers, School Administrators, and Community Leaders

Mary Fran Hazinski, RN, PhD, David Markenson, MD, EMT-P, Steven Neish, MD, Mike Gerardi, MD, Janis Hootman, RN, MSN, Graham Nichol, MD, MPH, Howard Taras, MD, Robert Hickey, MD, Robert O’Connor, MD, Jerry Potts, PhD, Elise van der Jagt, MD, MPH, Stuart Berger, MD, Steve Schexnayder, MD, Arthur Garson, Jr, MD, MPH, Alidene Doherty, RN and Suzanne Smith

Abbreviations: EMS, emergency medical services • CPR, cardiopulmonary resuscitation • AED, automated external defibrillator • AHA, American Heart Association • EIF, Emergency Information Form • OOH, out-of-hospital • VF, ventricular fibrillation • VT, ventricular tachycardia • NCCSIR, National Center for Catastrophic Sports Injury Research

The first 300 words of the full text of this article appear below.

INTRODUCTION AND PURPOSE

This document introduces a public health initiative: the Medical Emergency Response Plan for Schools. This initiative will help schools prepare to respond to life-threatening medical emergencies in the first minutes before the arrival of emergency medical services (EMS) personnel.

This statement is for healthcare providers, policymakers, school personnel, and community leaders. It summarizes essential information about life-threatening emergencies, including details about sudden cardiac arrest. This statement describes the components of an emergency response plan, the training of school personnel and students to respond to a life-threatening emergency, and the equipment required for this emergency response. Detailed information about sudden cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and automated external defibrillation (AED) programs is provided to assist schools in prioritizing and preparing for emergencies to maximize the number of lives saved.

Life-threatening emergencies can happen in any school at any time. These emergencies can be the result of preexisting health problems, violence, unintentional injuries, natural disasters, and toxins. In recent years stories in the lay press have documented tragic premature deaths in schools from sudden cardiac arrest, blunt trauma to the chest, firearm injuries, asthma, head injuries, drug overdose, allergic reactions, and heatstroke. School leaders should establish an emergency response plan to deal with life-threatening medical emergencies in addition to the emergency plan for tornados or fires.

This statement has been endorsed by the following organizations: American Heart Association (AHA) Emergency Cardiovascular Care Committee, American Academy of Pediatrics, American College of Emergency Physicians, American National Red Cross, National Association of School Nurses, National Association of State EMS Directors, National Association of EMS Physicians, National Association of Emergency Medical Technicians, and the Program for School Preparedness and Planning, National Center for Disaster Preparedness, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health. The statement was also reviewed by the Centers for Disease Control Division of . . . [Full Text of this Article]




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