ARTICLE

Introduction

The objectives of this presentation are to:

1. describe briefly the scope and limitations of the recent WHO/UNICEF review of scientific knowledge on complementary feeding of young children in developing countries¹
2. review selected conclusions of that document and related recommendations for future research.

General Comments

Before presenting the specific research recommendations, it is worthwhile to note several general issues concerning the WHO/UNICEF review document. First, it must be recognized that this publication was targeted to those aspects of complementary feeding that are particularly relevant for low-income countries. Most infants in these settings are breastfed; and, in general, suitable, low-cost alternatives to breastfeeding are not available. Therefore, no information was provided on feeding non-breastfed infants. Second, because the physiologic and behavioral development and nutritional requirements of infants are in flux, recommendations were prepared for specific categories of infant age. Third, the information included in the report was intentionally directed to a global audience. The document emphasized the need for local adaptation of the conclusions of the report, according to available foods, prevailing feeding practices, economic constraints, and dominant cultural beliefs in particular countries. It was recognized that this local adaptation will require, in some cases, further research on current child feeding practices and the factors that influence them before specific programmatic interventions to improve these practices can be put into place. Finally, the WHO/UNICEF review was oriented to the nutritional needs of generally healthy infants and young children. No information was included on feeding premature infants or children with infections or other acute or chronic diseases that might affect their nutritional status.

Selected Conclusions of the WHO/UNICEF Report and Recommendations for Research

Age of Introduction of Complementary Foods The optimal age of introduction of complementary foods remains controversial. The appropriate . . . [Full Text of this Article]