PEDIATRICS Vol. 94 No. 1 July 1994, pp. 65-69
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Goat's Milk as a Substitute for Cow's Milk in Undernourished Children: A Randomized Double-Blind Clinical Trial

Odile Razafindrakoto MD1, Noéline Ravelomanana MD1, A. Rasolofo MD1, Roland D. Rakotoarimanana MD1, Pierre Gourgue PhD2, Pierre Coquin PhD3, André Briend MD4, and Jehan-François Desjeux MD5

1 Service de Pédiatrie, Hôpital Befelatanana, Antananarivo, Madagascar
2 Hôpital Militaire, Antananarivo, Madagascar
3 Bureau Technique de Promotion Laitière, La Futaie, Rouillon 72700
4 Intitut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U 290, Hôpital Saint-Lazare, Paris 75010, France, ORSTOM, Institute Francais de Recherche pour le Développement en Coopération
5 Intitut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U 290, Hôpital Saint-Lazare, Paris 75010, France

Objective. This paper compares the effects of goat's milk and cow's milk on weight gain and fat absorption, in children with overt malnutrition.

Methods. Thirty hospitalized malnourished children aged from 1 to 5 years were included in a randomized double-blind trial. The children were fed either goat or cow's milk with a randomized will defined composition, added with vegetable oil, sugar, vitamins and minerals o achieve 1 000 kcal/liter. Children were offered 100 kcal/kg on the first day, with a regular daily increase in energy intake thereafter that reached 200 kcal/kg per day on the tenth day.

Results. Both groups of children had the same degree of malnutrition on inclusion. The mean weight-for-height Z score was -1.7 in both groups. One death with candidiasis occurred in the goat's milk group. Weight gain was similar in both groups: 8.5 g/kg/day (SE = 137) with goat's milk and 7.8 (SE = 1.9) with cow's milk. There was no significant difference in HEM intake: 157 ml/kg/day (SE = 4), vs 162 (SE = 4) for goat and cow's milk, respectively. Fat absorption coefficients on the 15th day of treatment were also similar in both groups.

Conclusion. These results suggest that goat's milk has a nutritional value similar to that of cow's milk and could be used as an alternative to cow's milk for rehabilitating undernourished children.

Submitted on August 31, 1993
Accepted on November 19, 1993




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