PEDIATRICS Vol. 90 No. 2 August 1992, pp. 285-293
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Allergy

PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE INCREASES PLASMA CAFFEINE LEVELS

Lake CR, Rosenberg DB, Gallant S, Zaloga G, Chernow B. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1990;47:675-685

Purpose of the Study

The purpose of the study was to examine the possible pharmacokinetic interaction of concurrent theophylline and caffeine administration.

Study Population

Sixteen healthy subjects (13 men, 3 women) were included in the study. Subject caffeine consumption ranged from 20 to 1200 mg/d (mean, 251 ± 73 mg/d). Seven subjects smoked at least a half pack of cigarettes per day.

Methods

The subjects received each of the following drug combinations on a one-time basis in a double-blind, crossover fashion: 400 mg of caffeine, 400 mg of caffeine in combination with 75 mg of phenylpropanolamine, and placebo. Ten of the subjects completed all four drug combinations. One subject received three drug combinations, three subjects received two drug combinations, and two subjects received one drug combination.

Serum was collected 5 minutes before drug administration, and at frac12, 1, 1frac12, 2, 3, 4, and 5 hours after drug administration. The serum was assessed for caffeine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine levels. Heart rate and blood pressure were measured 2frac12 and 5 minutes for drug administration and at 15-minute intervals for 5 hours after drug administration. The patients also filled out a 21-item mood and physical symptoms questionnaire 25 minutes before receiving the medication and 1frac12 and 4 hours after its administration.

Findings

Caffeine levels after ingestion of the phenylpropanolamine-caffeine combination were significantly higher than those of the other drug combinations from 1 to 5 hours after administration.