PEDIATRICS Vol. 90 No. 1 July 1992, pp. 99-102
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Decreased Thymus Size on Chest Radiography: A Sign of Pediatric Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection?

ALAN MEYERS MD, MPH1, NICHOLAS PEPE MD1, WILLIAM CRANLEY MD2, and KATHLEEN MCCARTEN MD2

1 Department of Pediatrics, Boston City Hospital, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118
2 Department of Pediatric Radiology, Boston City Hospital, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118

The early diagnosis of infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in infancy is clinically important but remains problematic in the asymptomatic child born to an HIV-infected mother. In addition, many such women are unaware of their HIV infection until their child manifests symptomatic HIV disease. Nonspecific signs of pediatric HIV infection, such as generalized lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, or persistent thrush, may be important in alerting the clinician to consider the possibility of HIV infection in the child whose history of HIV risk is unknown. We report one such sign which may be evident on plain chest radiography.

The pathology of the thymus gland in pediatric acquired immunodeficiency syndrome has been described by Joshi and colleagues,1-3 who have reported precocious involution with marked reduction in thymus size and weight.

Submitted on November 4, 1991
Accepted on December 30, 1991




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