PEDIATRICS Vol. 88 No. 4 October 1991, pp. 841-845
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Focal Encephalitis With Enterovirus Infections

John F. Modlin MD1, Ron Dagan MD2, Linda E. Berlin RN, DPh1, David M. Virshup MD1, Robert H. Yolken MD1, and Marilyn Menegus PhD2

1 From the Department of Pediatrics, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
2 From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York

We report on four pediatric patients with Enterovirus infections who were admitted to the hospital with signs or symptoms of acute, focal encephalitis. All four experienced focal seizures. Each had a cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis at the initial lumbar puncture. In all four patients the diagnosis of herpes simplex encephalitis was entertained. Each child improved spontaneously within a few days of admission to the hospital, and only one had residual neurologic abnormalities at the time of discharge. A brief review of these cases, and three addditional cases from the literature, indicate that the enteroviruses, particularly the group A Coxsackieviruses, are rare causes of acute focal encephalitis in children and adolescents.

Key Words: encephalitis • herpes simplex virus • Enterovirus • Coxsackievirus

Submitted on December 27, 1990
Accepted on January 22, 1991




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