PEDIATRICS Vol. 88 No. 4 October 1991, pp. 776-782
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Pedestrian Injuries to Children Younger Than 5 Years of Age

Diane G. Winn RN, MPH1, Phyllis F. Agran MD, MPH2, and Dawn N. Castillo MPH1

1 From the Public Policy Research Organization, University of California, Irvine
2 From the Public Policy Research Organization and Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine

Historically, research on pediatric pedestrian injuries has analyzed children younger than 5 years of age as a single group. However, in this study, these children were divided into two age groups which were reflective of differences in behavior and development. The data demonstrate differences in the circumstances of the pedestrian injury events between toddlers (0 through 2 years and ambulatory) and preschoolers (3- and 4-year-olds). Toddlers were more likely to be injured in nontraffic events whereas preschoolers were more frequently injured in traffic situations. A high proportion of toddler injuries occurred in residential driveways and were caused by vehicles backing up. The majority of preschoolers, often without supervision, were injured while crossing/darting midblock on residential streets near their homes. Reflecting these differences in circumstances and also developmental differences between toddlers and preschool children, there is a need for agespecific interventions to reduce pedestrian injuries in children younger than 5 years of age.

Key Words: pedestrian • injury • motor vehicles • children

Submitted on September 26, 1990
Accepted on November 19, 1990




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