PEDIATRICS Vol. 85 No. 5 May 1990, pp. 733-736
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Increased Cerebral Blood Flow Velocity in Infants of Mothers Who Abuse Cocaine

Margot van de Bor MD, PhD1, Frans J. Walther MD, PhD1, and Maureen E. Sims MD1

1 From the Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles County-University of Southern California Medical Center, Los Angeles, California

The pharmacologic effects of cocaine are considered to be secondary to an enhancement of the effects of circulating catecholamines. The effect of intrauterine cocaine exposure on the cerebral blood flow velocity was studied in 20 full-term newborn infants whose urine screens were positive for cocaine and in 18 nonexposed healthy full-term newborn infants whose urine screens were negative for cocaine metabolites. On the first day of life, peak systolic, end diastolic, and mean flow velocities in the pericallosal, internal carotid, and basilar arteries and mean arterial blood pressures were significantly greater in infants who had been exposed to cocaine. On day 2, cerebral blood flow velocities and mean arterial blood pressures were similar in exposed and nonexposed infants. The increase in mean arterial blood pressure and in cerebral blood flow velocity on the first day of life indicates a hemodynamic effect of cocaine that may put the infant exposed to cocaine at a greater risk of intracranial hemorrhage.

Key Words: cocaine • cerebral blood flow velocity • blood pressure • newborn infant

Submitted on March 6, 1989
Accepted on April 24, 1989




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