PEDIATRICS Vol. 81 No. 3 March 1988, pp. 379-384
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Growth Failure in Infants With Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia: Nutrition and Elevated Resting Metabolic Expenditure

Sharon I. Kurzner MD1, Meena Garg MD1, Daisy B. Bautista BA1, David Bader MD1, Russell J. Merritt MD, PhD1, David Warburton BSc, MB, MRCP1, and Thomas G. Keens MD1

1 From the Divisions of Neonatology and Pediatric Pulmonology and Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, Childrens Hospital of Los Angeles, and Department of Pediatrics, University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles

The mechanisms underlying growth failure in infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia are poorly understood. Thirteen infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia at 6 months of corrected age and 12 full-term healthy control infants matched for age or size were studied. Resting oxygen consumption was measured during natural sleep, and an estimation of the resting metabolic expenditure by indirect calorimetry was performed. Growth parameters were measured, and a nutritional profile including dietary intake, stool analysis, and serum albumin, cholesterol, glucose, and prealbumin was obtained. Seven of the 13 infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia had growth failure (defined as length and weight less than the tenth percentile of the Babson growth curves). These infants had lower birth weight, lower gestational age, and a greater number of days spent in supplemental oxygen or on mechanical ventilation. There was no statistical difference between the bronchopulmonary dysplasiagrowth failure and bronchopulmonary dysplasia-normal growth infants for dietary intake or stool or serum analyses. However, serum prealbumin showed a significant linear correlation with body weight in infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Resting metabolic expenditure was elevated in infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia with growth failure and was inversely correlated with body weight in all infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Thus, infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia and growth failure have increased metabolic demands and decreased prealbumin values suggesting a relative state of protein-calorie malnutrition.

Key Words: bronchopulmonary dysplasia • growth failure • nutrition • metabolism

Submitted on April 13, 1987
Accepted on June 2, 1987




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