PEDIATRICS Vol. 81 No. 2 February 1988, pp. 284-286
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Right Atrial Thrombus Formation Screening Using Two-Dimensional Echocardiograms in Neonates With Central Venous Catheters

David Marsh MD1, Shirley A. Wilkerson MD, PhD1, Larry N. Cook MD1, and John B. Pietsch MD1

1 From the Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, and Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee

Two-dimensional echocardiograms were used to prospectively screen 49 patients with 56 central venous catheters for right atrial thromboses from October 1985 to May 1986. All but four patients received a two-dimensional echocardiogram prior to insertion of the catheter. Once the catheters were in place, two-dimensional echocardiograms were performed no later than 3 weeks after insertion and then every 14 days until the catheter was removed. A single thrombus was detected 79 days after catheter placement (an incidence of 1.8%). Previous recommendations for weekly screening with two-dimensional echocardiogram were based on case reports alone. The 95% confidence limits for a negative two-dimensional echocardiogram result suggest that the initial two-dimensional echocardiogram screen for thrombus be obtained no sooner than 3 weeks after catheter insertion. In addition, significant gastrointestinal disease requiring operative intervention was present in 10 of 11 previous case reports as well as in our patient. Further studies with larger sample sizes are needed to determine whether subgroups of infants exist who are at a relatively higher risk for right atrial thrombus formation.

Key Words: right atrial thrombus • two-dimensional echocardiogram • central venous catheter

Submitted on February 2, 1987
Accepted on March 31, 1987




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