PEDIATRICS Vol. 80 No. 5 November 1987, pp. 797-806
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Dietary Intakes

Theresa A. Nicklas DrPH1, Rosanne P. Farris MS Hyg1, Carolyn Major RD1, Gail C. Frank DrPH1, Larry S. Webber PhD1, James L. Cresanta MD1, and Gerald S. Berenson MD1

1 From the Departments of Medicine, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Biometry, and Pediatrics, Louisiana State University Medical Center, and Department of Health and Human Resources, Office of Preventive and Public Health Services, New Orleans

Dietary patterns and racial differences in nutrient intake were observed in children 6 months to 4 years of age in the Bogalusa Heart Study. Even in this sample of young children, the composition of the intakes of the majority of children was not compatible with prudent recommendations of less than 35% and 10% of energy from total and saturated fat, respectively. Mean cholesterol intake of the 4-year-old children (390 mg) was approximately one half of the average daily adult levels. The polyunsaturated to saturated fatty acid ratio ranged from 0.41 to 0.53 and sucrose to starch ratio from 1.32 to 1.57, reflecting a high saturated fat and sucrose intake. White children had greater intakes of sucrose than black children; however, total fat and cholesterol intakes were greater in black children. Gender differences were noted among the 2, 3, and 4-year-old children: energy, sugar, and starch intakes were greater in boys, and cholesterol intake per 1,000 kcal was greater in girls. Mean intakes per 1,000 kcal in Bogalusa were higher for fat and carbohydrate and lower for protein than reported in the Second Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. However, when the National Research Council recommended dietary allowances for protein and energy are used for comparison, a more than adequate intake was noted in these children. The data found in this newborn-infant cohort contribute information regarding the early development of dietary habits that likely influence eating behavior in later childhood and adolescence.

Key Words: cardiovascular risk factor • atherogenic diet • nutrition




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