PEDIATRICS Vol. 80 No. 4 October 1987, pp. 491-501
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Sustained Release and Standard Methylphenidate Effects on Cognitive and Social Behavior in Children With Attention Deficit Disorder

William E. Pelham Jr PhD1, James Sturges BA1, JoAnn Hoza MA1, Casey Schmidt BA1, Jan Jaap Bijlsma MA1, Richard Milich PhD1, and Sam Moorer MD1

1 From the Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh; Department of Psychology, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa; Department of Psychology, Florida State University, Tallahassee; Department of Psychology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; and Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky, Lexington

Two studies were conducted to investigate the relative effects of sustained release methylphenidate (Ritalin [SR-20]) and standard methylphenidate (Ritalin, 10 mg, administered twice daily). In the first study, 13 boys with attention deficit disorder participating in a summer treatment program went through a double-blind, within-subject trial of each form of methylphenidate and placebo. Measures of social and cognitive behavior were gathered in classroom and play settings. Although group analyses of the data showed that both drugs were effective and there were few differences between them, standard methylphenidate was superior to SR-20 on several important measures of disruptive behavior. Furthermore, analyses of individual responsivity showed clearly that most boys responded more positively to standard methylphenidate than to SR-20. The second study involved a partially overlapping group of nine boys with attention deficit disorder participating in the same summer treatment program. Also double-blind, within-subject, and placebo controlled, this study tracked the time courses of the two forms of methylphenidate. Both were shown to have similar time courses on the Abbreviated Conners Rating Scale and other measures, but SR-20 had a slower onset than did the standard drug form on a continuous performance task. Effects of SR-20 were still evident eight hours after ingestion.

Key Words: methylphenidate • attention deficit disorder • cognition • social • behavior

Submitted on July 10, 1986
Accepted on December 5, 1986




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