PEDIATRICS Vol. 79 No. 6 June 1987, pp. 1027-1029
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Chronic Interstitial Pneumonitis in a 3-Year-Old Child With Hypersensitivity to Dove Antigens

STEPHEN J. WOLF MD1, ALLAN STILLERMAN MD1, MILES WEINBERGER MD1, and WILBUR SMITH MD2

1 Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Allergy and Pulmonary Division, The University of Iowa, Iowa City
2 Departments of Pediatrics and Radiology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City

Chronic interstitial lung disease is an uncommon clinical entity in childhood. The onset is frequently insidious with progressive tachypnea, dyspnea, cyanosis, clubbing, weight loss, and hypoxia. More than 100 different occupational and environmental agents have been identified as causes, although two thirds of cases are reported as idiopathic.1 Assessment can involve invasive procedures such as bronchoalveolar lavage and open lung biopsy. Treatment of the idiopathic forms includes use of corticostenoids and cytotoxic agents, and response is variable with progression to pulmonary fibrosis being a common end stage. In contrast to this grim prognosis, the similar clinical pattern associated with hypersensitivity pneumonitis, also identified as "extrinsic allergic alveolitis," can be rapidly reversed if the offending antigen is identified and eliminated.

Submitted on July 1, 1986
Accepted on August 13, 1986