PEDIATRICS Vol. 76 No. 3 September 1985, pp. 339-344
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Risk Factors for Retrolental Fibroplasia: Experience with 3,025 Premature Infants

Dilip M. Purohit MD1, R. Curtis Ellison MD1, Sally Zierler DrPH1, Olli S. Miettinen MD, PhD1, and Alexander S. Nadas MD1

1 From the National Collaborative Study on Patent Ductus Arteriosus in Premature lnfants

The rate of retrolental fibroplasia in relation to prenatal and neonatal characteristics was explored on the basis of a cohort of 3,025 neonates with birth weight less than 1,750 g. The overall rate of retrolental fibroplasia of any degree at hospital discharge was 11%, varying from 43% for those with birth weight between 500 and 749 g to 3% for those in the 1,500- to 1,750-g category. Among the potential determinants, the main interest was in nonhyperoxic characteristics, conditional on measures of prematurity and oxygen supplementation. Maternal diabetes and antihistamine use during the last 2 weeks of pregnancy were associated with significantly higher rates of retrolental fibroplasia, whereas toxemia was associated with lower rates. Frequent apneic spells, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and sepsis in the neonate were also associated with significantly higher rates. On the other hand, the data indicate no independent role of low Apgar score, intraventricular hemorrhage, exchange transfusion, patent ductus arteriosus, or certain other characteristics previously postulated as risk factors.

Key Words: retrolental fibroplasia • prematurity

Submitted on July 30, 1984
Accepted on November 12, 1984




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