PEDIATRICS Vol. 76 No. 2 August 1985, pp. 225-231
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Gastrointestinal Injury in Polycythemic Term Infants

Virginia D. Black MD1, Carol M. Rumack MD1, Lula O. Lubchenco MD1, and Beverly L. Koops MD1

1 From the Departments of Pediatrics, Wayne State University, Hutzel Hospital, and Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit; Departments of Pediatrics and Radiology, The University of Colorado Health Sciences Center; Division of Perinatology, The Denver Children's Hospital; Denver

Necrotizing enterocolitis is uncommon among term infants. In this group, necrotizing enterocolitis has been associated with two risk factors: polycythemia and umbilical catheterization. During a randomized trial of partial plasma exchange transfusion for treatment of polycythemia, an increased risk of gastrointestinal problems was noted. Eight hyperviscous patients treated with partial plasma exchange transfusion, no symptomatically treated patients, and no control infants developed typical necrotizing enterocolitis (blood in the stools, pneumatosis, and systemic signs). The incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis was significantly greater among patients treated with exchange transfusion compared with patients treated symptomatically or control subjects (P < .001).

Key Words: necrotizing enterocolitis • polycythemia • hyperviscosity • partial plasma exchange transfusion

Submitted on July 30, 1984
Accepted on October 27, 1984




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