PEDIATRICS Vol. 74 No. 1 July 1984, pp. 1-10
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Bronchiolitis as a Possible Cause of Wheezing in Childhood: New Evidence

Kenneth M. McConnochie MD1, Klaus J. Roghmann PhD1, Suzanne J. Klein MD1, Thomas K. Mclnery MD1, James B. MacWhinney Jr MD1, Robert L. Miller MD1, and Lawrence F. Nazarian MD1

1 From the Department of Pediatrics, Rochester General Hospital, and University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, New York

A historical cohort study was performed in order to assess the hypothesis that even mild bronchiolitis in infancy is a predictor of wheezing later in childhood. Subjects who had experienced bronchiolitis and a matched control group were compared in terms of reported wheezing 8 years later. A highly significant difference was found between the bronchiolitis group and the control group in terms of current wheezing (P < .0001, relative risk 3.24). This difference was maintained after adjusting for many potentially confounding variables including family history of allergy and other allergic manifestations in the child. Results suggested that 13.6% of a normal practice population in the age range 6 to 9 years currently wheeze, but that 44.1% of children who experienced bronchiolitis currently wheeze. Based on the incidence of bronchiolitis (4.27/100 children in their first 2 years of life) and the relative odds for wheezing derived from a logistic regression model including variables that measured passive smoking, genetic tendency to wheeze, and bronchiolitis, calculations of attributable risk suggested that wheezing in 9.4% of the population of children who currently wheeze was attributable to bronchiolitis.

Key Words: bronchiolitis • wheezing • childhood • causality

Submitted on June 17, 1983
Accepted on October 7, 1983




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