PEDIATRICS Vol. 70 No. 4 October 1982, pp. 539-546
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Effects of Maternal Drinking and Marijuana Use on Fetal Growth and Development

Ralph Hingson ScD1, Joel J. Alpert MD1, Nancy Day PhD1, Elizabeth Dooling MD1, Herbert Kayne PhD1, Suzette Morelock EdM1, Edgar Oppenheimer MD1, and Barry Zuckerman MD1

1 Department of Pediatrics and Department of Socio-Medical Sciences and Community Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine and School of Public Health, Boston City Hospital, Boston

A study of 1,690 mother/child pairs at Boston City Hospital was conducted to assess the impact of maternal alcohol consumption on fetal development when confounding variables were controlled. Level of maternal drinking prior to pregnancy was associated with shorter duration of gestation. Lower maternal weight change, history of maternal illnesses, cigarette smoking, and marijuana use, however, were more consistently related to adverse fetal growth and development. New findings in this study include a negative association between maternal marijuana use during pregnancy and fetal growth. Also when confounding variables were controlled, women who used marijuana during pregnancy were five times more likely to deliver infants with features considered compatible with the fetal alcohol syndrome.

Submitted on June 1, 1981
Accepted on October 19, 1981




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