PEDIATRICS Vol. 67 No. 5 May 1981, pp. 737-738
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Does the Early Application of Silver Nitrate Impair Maternal Attachment?

Perry M. Butterfield MA1, Robert N. Emde MD1, and Marilyn J. Svejda RN, MS1

1 Developmental Psychology Research Group, University of Colorado, Health Sciences Center, Denver

In a statement from the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) on "Prophylaxis and Treatment of Neonatal Gonococcal Infections" (Pediatrics 65: 1047, 1980), it was suggested that eye prophylaxis might be delayed up to one hour after birth in order to facilitate maternal attachment. Cited in the AAP statement was our 1977 study that demonstrated that silver nitrate administration in the delivery room decreases eye openness in the newborn and inhibits visual response within the first hour after birth.1

The eyes have been cited as central to the baby's ability to solicit affection.2-4 However, there has been little systematic information available to define the role of eye-to-eye contact in the attachment process.


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G. A. Bernstein, J. P. Davis, and M. L. Katcher
Prophylaxis of Neonatal Conjunctivitis: An Analytic Review
Clinical Pediatrics, September 1, 1982; 21(9): 545 - 550.
[Abstract] [PDF]