PEDIATRICS Vol. 66 No. 1 July 1980, pp. 26-30
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Decreased Oxygenation and Hyperlipemia During Intravenous Fat Infusions in Premature Infants

Gilberto R. Pereira MD1, William W. Fox MD1, Charles A. Stanley MD1, Lester Baker MD1, and Jacob G. Schwartz MS1

1 Division of Neonatology and Endocrinology of The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia

Eighteen appropriate-for-gestational-age premature infants with birth weights ranging from 0.77 to 1.89 kg received 1 gm/kg of body weight of fat emulsion, intravenously, over a four-hour period. Infants less than 1 week of age developed a significant decrease in Po2 levels (P < .05) during the fat infusion period. There were no changes in other pulmonary function parameters. Infants less than 1 week of age also developed significantly higher peak levels of plasma triglycerides than infants 2 to 3 weeks old (P < .05). A correlation between increment in triglyceride levels and postnatal age was demonstrated (r = .75), with the younger infants presenting the higher triglyceride levels. This study demonstrates that: (1) small premature infants receiving intravenous fat are more susceptible to hyperlipemia and hypoxemia during the first week of life; (2) hypoxemia associated with intravenous fat infusion does not result from changes in lung dynamics; (3) the capacity to tolerate intravenous fats is enhanced after the first week of life.

Submitted on January 25, 1979
Accepted on December 13, 1979




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