1-ANTITRYPSIN AND EMPHYSEMA
Preliminary data from a study of 917 California seventh graders reinforces the suspicion that Caucasians are at most risk of both an inherited deficiency of
1-antitrypsin, and the emphysema with which the genetically-formulated blood chemical has been linked.
A serum protein,
1-antitrypsin inactivates trypsin, one of the enzymes that checks bacteria infecting the lungs. When
1-antitrypsin is reduced or absent, the trypsin can attack and destroy the lung tissue itself. The result is a particularly devastating form of emphysema that strikes during the productive years. An inherited deficiency of
1-antitrypsin may be one reason why some nonsmokers develop emphysema.
All 25 of the students in this study found to have deficiencies of
1-antitrypsin were Caucasian, as were nearly 90% of those discovered to have "variants" of
1-antitrypsin molecules....Abnoraml results include a severe deficiency, inherited from both parents; intermediate deficiencies, inherited from one parent; and a number of antitrypsin variants also suspect in the development of emphysema. Although those with severe deficiencies nearly always develop emphysema, intermediate deficiencies and combinations of variants also predispose a person to the disease, particularly if they smoke cigarett.




