PEDIATRICS Vol. 62 No. 4 October 1978, pp. 504-509
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Maternal ABO Blood Group Type B: A Risk Factor in the Development of Neonatal Group B Streptococcal Disease

Joan A. Regan M.D.1, Solan Chao M.D.1, and L. Stanley James M.D.1

1 Departments of Pediatrics and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Presbyterian Hospital, and the Upper and Western Manhattattan Regional Perinatal Network, New York

In a prospective study of maternal genital colonization with group B streptococci (GBS) at the time of delivery, epidemiological data, including blood type (ABO group), were recorded for the 1,062 patients studied. Blood type B was found in a statistically significant higher proportion of patients colonized with CBS (28%) compared with the total population (16.4%) (P < .005, x2 = 8.43). Women with blood type B were twice as likely to be colonized as those with types 0 or A. Hypotheses to explain this observation include the possibilities that GBS possess a B-like antigen, rendering parturients who lack anti-B antibody at increased risk for GBS colonization, or that GBS possess a receptor site for B surface antigens. One may speculate that a mutation toward an affinity for the human ABO blood group type B accounts for the advent of the group B Streptococcus as a significant perinatal pathogen.

Submitted on December 19, 1977
Accepted on July 19, 1978