PEDIATRICS Vol. 58 No. 5 November 1976, pp. 650-654
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Correction of Essential Fatty Acid Deficiency in Newborn Infants by Cutaneous Application of Sunflower-Seed Oil

Zvi Friedman M.D., F.R.C.P.(C)1, Stephen J. Shochat M.D.1, M. Jeffrey Maisels M.B., F.A.A.P.1, Keith H. Marks M.B., M.R.C.P., F.C.P.(SA)1, and Edward L. Lamberth Jr. M.D.1

1 Departments of Pediatrics and Surgery, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, and the Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Hospital, Nashville, Tennessee

Two newborn infants receiving long-term, fat-free parenteral nutrition developed essential fatty acid (EFA) deficiency. Biochemical evidence of EFA deficiency was documented in plasma, red blood cells, and adipose tissue and included a decrease in arachidonic and linoleic acids, an increase in 5,8,11-eicosatrienoic acid, palmitoleic and oleic acids and a trienoic/tetraenoic ratio of more than 0.4. Cutaneous application of sunflower-seed oil, a source rich in the essential fat linoleic acid, rapidly reversed the clinical and biochemical manifestations of deficiency in plasma.

Submitted on February 26, 1976
Accepted on April 12, 1976




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