PEDIATRICS Vol. 58 No. 1 July 1976, pp. 122-124
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Elevated Nitroblue Tetrazolium Dye Reduction Test Response in Acute Viral Respiratory Disease

Otto F. Sieber Jr. M.D.1, Maija L. Wilska M.D.1, and Rosella Riggin M.S.1

1 Section on Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona

Increased NBT dye reduction test responsiveness of neutrophil leukocytes has been observed in 14 of 17 infants with acute viral respiratory syndromes. Syndromes studied included croup, bronchiolitis, and pneumonia and were caused by parainfluenza virus types 1, 2, and 3, respiratory syncytial virus, influenza A virus, and adenovirus 1. NBT test elevation occurred early in every case of bronchiolitis and viral pneumonia and was associated with infections by all groups of viruses. On the other hand, NBT test results were normal or near-normal in a majority of cases of upper airway disease such as croup.