PEDIATRICS Vol. 57 No. 6 June 1976, pp. 884-892
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Ophthalmia Neonatorum: A Chart Review

John H. Armstrong M.D.1, Fernando Zacarias M.D.1, and Michael F. Rein M.D.1

1 Venereal Disease Control Division, Bureau of State Services, Center for Disease Control, and the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Grady Memorial Hospital, Atlanta, Georgia

Cases of ophthalmia neonatorum diagnosed at Grady Memorial Hospital 1967-1973 were reviewed. Of 302 cases 43 could be diagnosed as gonococcal, 86 chlamydial, 3 gonococcal and chlamydial, 31 staphylococcal, and 5 chemical. Silver nitrate prophylaxis was routinely employed. Gonococcal cases peaked during the third quarter of the year and chlamydial during the fourth quarter. Gonococcal cases were associated with a longer duration of ruptured fetal membranes. Definitive etiologic diagnosis could not be established on clinical grounds alone. Chlamydial ophthalmia was more common among black babies but other forms of ophthalmia were equally distributed with respect to race. The risk of gonococcal ophthalmia developing in an infant born to an infected mother was less than 2% if Credé prophylaxis is used. Therapy with topically applied sulfonamides was effective against chlamydial ophthalmia. Therapy with parenterally administered penicillin and topically applied antibiotics was effective against gonococcal ophthalmia.

Submitted on June 6, 1975
Accepted on August 22, 1975




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