PEDIATRICS Vol. 47 No. 2 February 1971, pp. 391-398
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NITROGEN DIOXIDE AND LOWER RESPIRATORY ILLNESS

Martin E. Pearlman M.D.1, John F. Finklea M.D.1, John P. Creason M.S.1, Carl M. Shy M.D.1, Marion M. Young M.D.1, and Robert J. M. Horton M.D.1

1 Division of Health Effects Research; Bureau of Criteria and Standards, National Air Pollution Control Administration, Environmental Health Service, Department of Health, Education and Welfare, Durham, North Carolina

Significantly increased bronchitis morbidity was reported among elementary school children exposed for 2 and 3 years and infant cohorts exposed for 3 years to elevated levels of nitrogen dioxide in the ambient air. Both the relative proportion of children affected and the frequency of attacks in these cases were higher in the polluted areas. Morbidity associated with croup, pneumonia, and hospitalizations did not significantly differ among the three exposure areas studied– high, intermediate, and low. Retrospective questionnaire responses were validated by physician and hospital records. Question sensitivity exceeded 67% and specificity 70% for each clinical diagnosis.

Lower respiratory tract infection appeared to be a sensitive host response indicator of air pollution. Increased bronchitis in childhood may augur increased morbidity and mortality in adulthood.

Submitted on August 27, 1970
Accepted on October 15, 1970




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