PEDIATRICS Vol. 44 No. 6 December 1969, pp. 940-944
This Article
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow P3Rs: Submit a response
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me when P3Rs are posted
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Right arrow Citation Map
Services
Right arrow E-mail this article to a friend
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Add to My File Cabinet
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrow reprints & permissions
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via CrossRef
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Howie, V. M.
Right arrow Articles by Ploussard, J. H.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Howie, V. M.
Right arrow Articles by Ploussard, J. H.

THE "IN VIVO SENSITIVITY TEST"—BACTERIOLOGY OF MIDDLE EAR EXUDATE

During Antimicrobial Therapy in Otitis Media

Virgil M. Howie M.D.1 and John H. Ploussard M.D.1

1 Huntsville, Alabama

During a 27-month study into the bacterial etiology of otitis media by needle aspiration and culture of the middle ear exudate, the efficacy of various antibiotics was evaluated. There were 858 episodes of otitis media studied with 1,233 aspirates and cultures performed, 271 of these during antimicrobial therapy-the "In Vivo Sensitivity Test." The antibiotics were prescribed to each patient on an individual basis with a general plan to alternate between two drugs during a given time period. When feasible, middle ear fluid was aspirated and cultured regardless of the patient's clinical response. Pneumococcus or H. influenzae was most effectively eliminated from middle ear exudate with ampicillin, phenoxymethyl penicillin with sulfonamides, and erythromycinsulfa. Long-acting sulfonamides, triple sulfonamide, and tetracycline are frequently ineffective against pneumococcus in middle ear exudate while benzathine penicillin, phenoxymethyl penicillin, and erythromycin are frequently ineffective against H. influenzae in middle ear exudate.

Submitted on April 28, 1969
Accepted on June 30, 1969




This article has been cited by other articles:


Home page
 Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.Home page
A. Hoberman, J. L. Paradise, M. R. Jacobs, R. Dagan, M. E. Singer, A. Arrieta, A. Arguedas, S. L. Block, S. L. Vargas, W. A. Erhardt, et al.
Study Design Questions in Treatment of Children with Acute Otitis Media
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., July 1, 2004; 48(7): 2784 - 2786.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 CLIN PEDIATRHome page
A. Hoberman, C. D. Marchant, S. L. Kaplan, and S. Feldman
Treatment of Acute Otitis Media Consensus Recommendations
Clinical Pediatrics, July 1, 2002; 41(6): 373 - 390.
[Abstract] [PDF]

Home page
 CLIN PEDIATRHome page
R. W. Steele, J. L. Blumer, and G. H. Kalish
Patient, Physician, and Nurse Satisfaction with Antibiotics
Clinical Pediatrics, June 1, 2002; 41(5): 285 - 299.
[Abstract] [PDF]

Home page
 PediatricsHome page
Subcommittee on Management of Sinusitis and Commit
Clinical Practice Guideline: Management of Sinusitis
Pediatrics, September 1, 2001; 108(3): 798 - 808.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.Home page
W. Erhardt, M. Murphy, C. Knirsch;, R. Dagan, E. Leibovitz, and M. R. Jacobs
Establishing Criteria for Assessment of Efficacy of Antimicrobial Agents in Acute Otitis Media
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., September 1, 2000; 44(9): 2590 - 2592.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.Home page
R. Dagan, E. Leibovitz, D. M. Fliss, A. Leiberman, M. R. Jacobs, W. Craig, and P. Yagupsky
Bacteriologic Efficacies of Oral Azithromycin and Oral Cefaclor in Treatment of Acute Otitis Media in Infants and Young Children
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., January 1, 2000; 44(1): 43 - 50.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 J Antimicrob ChemotherHome page
C. Ponte, C. Cenjor, A. Parra, E. Nieto, G. Garcia-Calvo, M. J. Gimenez, L. Aguilar, and F. Soriano
Antimicrobial treatment of an experimental otitis media caused by a {beta}-lactamase positive isolate of Haemophilus influenzae
J. Antimicrob. Chemother., July 1, 1999; 44(1): 85 - 90.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 PediatricsHome page
J. L. Paradise
The Rational Use of Antimicrobials in Acute Otitis Media: A Bacteriologic Investigation of Otitis Media in Infancy, by E. A. Mortimer Jr, and R. L. Watterson Jr, Pediatrics, 1956;17:359-366; Otitis Media in the Practice of Pediatrics: Bacteriological and Clinical Observations, by J. D. Coffey Jr, Pediatrics, 1966;38:25-32; Acute Otitis Media: Treatment Results in Relation to Bacterial Etiology, by B. W. Nilson, et al, Pediatrics, 1969;43:351-358; The "In Vivo Sensitivity Test"---Bacteriology of Middle Ear Exudate During Antimicrobial Therapy in Otitis Media, by V. M. Howie and J. H. Ploussard, Pediatrics, 1969;44:940-944; and Otitis Media: A Clinical and Bacteriological Correlation, by V. M. Howie, et al, Pediatrics, 1970;45:29-35
Pediatrics, July 1, 1998; 102(1): 221 - 225.
[Full Text]

Home page
 JAMAHome page
A. L. Kozyrskyj, G. E. Hildes-Ripstein, S. E. A. Longstaffe, J. L. Wincott, D. S. Sitar, T. P. Klassen, and M. E. K. Moffatt
Treatment of Acute Otitis Media With a Shortened Course of Antibiotics: A Meta-analysis
JAMA, June 3, 1998; 279(21): 1736 - 1742.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 CLIN PEDIATRHome page
R. Casey, B. Rosen, A. Glowasky, and S. Ludwig
An Intervention to Improve Follow-up of Patients with Otitis Media
Clinical Pediatrics, March 1, 1985; 24(3): 149 - 152.
[Abstract] [PDF]

Home page
 CLIN PEDIATRHome page
V. M. Howie and J. H. Ploussard
Efficacy of Fixed Combination Antibiotics versus Separate Components in Otitis Media: Effectiveness of Erythromycin Estolate, Triple Sulfonamide, Ampicillin, Erythromycin Estolate-Triple Sulfonamide, and Placebo in 280 Patients with Acute Otitis Media Under Two and One-Hal Years of Age
Clinical Pediatrics, April 1, 1972; 11(4): 205 - 214.
[Abstract] [PDF]