It is needless to state that I was disappointed with the conclusions of the article by Reichelderfer and Nitowsky (Pediatrics 18:918, 1956). A careful scrutiny of the article shows three major discrepancies. One of the discrepancies is in the length of treatment I have advocated in the air lock, and the other two point up the fact that in the groups studied both ends fail to make provision for the effect of immaturity (or maturity) on the survival rate of the premature infant.